浅谈直接引语间接引语.docVIP

浅谈直接引语—间接引语 定义： 直接引语：直接引述别人的话语，用引号“ ”括起。 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话语，构成一个宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序。 例句1：He said to me ，“I broke your CD player”. He told me that he had broken my CD player. 变化分析：said—told (动词变化) I—he（人称变化） broke—had broken（时态变化） 例句2：He asked me，“What can I do for you ？” He asked me what he could do for me. 变化分析：can—could（时态变化） What can I—what he could（句式变化） he（人称变化） 直接引语—间接引语具体的变化内容。 直接引语 间接引语 1 动词变化 bring take come go 2 时间变化 now then today that day this evening that evening yesterday the day before / the previous day yesterday morning the morning before last night the night before two days ago two days before next week the next week / the following week tomorrow the next day / the following day the day before yesterday two days before the day after tomorrow two days after / in two days’ time 3 地点变化 here there 4 时态变化 had done had done have / has done did had been doing had been doing have / has been doing be + doing was / were +doing will would be going to was / were going to *. 直接引语—间接引语时，时态相应地退后一个。 5 句式变化 陈述句 （that ）+ 一个陈述句 一般疑问句 If / whether + 一个陈述句 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + 一个陈述句 what where how many how how much…… + 一个陈述句 祈使句 动词 + to do 形式的宾语补助语 advise sb (not)to do / order sb (not)to do want sb (not)to do / ask sb (not)to do …… 6 人称变化 第一人称 与主句的主语相一致 第二人称 与主句的宾语相一致 第三人称 第三人称 7 指示代词变化 this that these those 时态不需要变化的情况： 直接引语有确定的过去时间。 He said ，“The story took place in the 1930.” He said that the story took place in the 1930s. 间接引语所转述的动作或状态说话时仍在继续。 The reporter said，“The war in the middle East is now still on.” The reporter daid that the war in the middle East is now still on. 间接引语所转述的是自然现象、科学真理、名言警句。 Our English teacher said ，“All work no play makes Jack a dull boy.” Our English teacher told us that all work no play makes Jack a dull boy. 直接引语中有，when, while, since 等引导的时间状语从句时，从句的时态不变。 He said ，“It is many years since he came to live