小学四五年级阅读概括实践研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 概括是人类形成概念的一种思维过程和方法，是阅读和表达的核心能力。在 语文教学中占有核心地位。当今中小学教育急需针对性的、系统化的概括能力训 练。本研究的目标: （1）探讨阅读概括训练的原则（2 ）探究学生学习阅读概括 的心理特点和影响概括形成的因素（3 ）探讨适合不同年级学生的训练方法。 本研究对上海某小学四、五年级，进行了为期3 周，总共3 次的概括训练， 比较不同年级的训练效果，和韦克斯勒类同测验的抽象思维水平差异。结果表明： （1）概括水平可通过理解概括原则的系统训练得到提高。 （2 ）规则学习过程中，学生不理解时，会生搬硬套。规则的学习需要在具体的 情境中具体化。 （3 ）学生不能形成概括的原因有： ①未能以概括性语词思维。 ②难以加工文章的内在联系。 （4 ）概括的形成首要是关注、识别和记忆事物的内在联系。然后是简洁表达。 关键词：概括；语文教学；生态学实验；阅读；记叙文 4 ABSTRACT Summary of human formation of the concept of a thought process and methods of reading and expression of core competencies. A central place in language teaching. Todays primary and secondary education in need of targeted, systematic training of general ability. The objective of this study: (1) To read summed up the principle of training (2) to examine the children learn to read the psychological characteristics and the impact of general outlines factors (3) to investigate the training methods for different students.The fourth and fifth grade in a primary school in Shanghai, a period of three weeks, a total of three broad training, the training effect of different grades, and Wechsler similar level of abstract thinking test differences. The results showed that:(1) Summarize level through systematic training to understand the broad principles to improve. (2) the rules of the learning process, students do not understand, it will be applied mechanically. Rules of learning needs in the specific context specific. (3) students can not form the broad reasons: ①The failed to the generality of words thinking. ② hard to process the internal relations of the article. (4) summarizes the formation of the intrinsic link is concerned about, recognize and remem