创业与发展：产业集群的作用外文翻译.docVIP

外文翻译 Entrepreneurship and Development:The Role of Clusters Material Source:/ Author:Hector O. Rocha Does clustered entrepreneurial activity contribute to development more than non-clustered? Defining entrepreneurship as “the creation of new organizations” and cluster as a geographically proximate group of firms and associated institutions in related industries, linked by economic and social interdependences , this research question arises for several reasons. Firstly, it targets one of the most important challenges and contributions of the entrepreneurship field, i.e. the role of new enterprises in furthering economic progress. Secondly, both clusters and entrepreneurship face high visibility among academics and policymakers, given their common historical resurgence and potential to retain and increase employment after the drastic changes in the economic, institutional, and technological environments since the 1970s. Given the promises of entrepreneurship and clusters to foster development as well as the lack of studies on the moderating effect of clusters on the relationship between entrepreneurship and development, this paper aimed to set the basis to answer the above question.The terms were defined as follows: entrepreneurship is the creation of new organizations; cluster is a geographically proximate group of firms and associated institutions in related industries, linked by economic and social interdependences; and development is the expansion of capabilities rather than the increase in output. To identify potential causes of the moderating effect of clusters on the impact of entrepreneurship on development, the paper focused on three different impacts: entrepreneurship on development, clusters on development, and clusters on entrepreneurship. Thus, the paper reviewed the literature related to these relationships, around which the following conclusions and suggestions for future research are grouped. First, the literature review on the impact of entrepreneurs