测量食品安全标准对中国农产品出口的影响外文翻译.docVIP

外文翻译 原文 Measuring the Effect of Food Safety Standards on China’s Agricultural Exports Material Source: Review of World Economics, 2008, Volume 144, Pages 83-106. Author: Chunlai Chen, Jun Yang, and Christopher Findlay Since 2002, China’s agricultural trade has increased rapidly, reaching US$50.44 billion in 2005, and as expected China has dramatically increased imports of land-intensive agricultural products, particularly cereals (mainly wheat), vegetable oils and vegetable oilseeds (mainly palm oil and soybeans), and raw materials for textiles (mainly cotton and wool). China has also increased exports of labour-intensive agricultural products, particularly processed agricultural products, but at a slower pace. From 2002 to 2005, the annual growth rate of agricultural imports was 31.53 per cent while that of agricultural exports was 11.65 per cent. As a result, in 2004 and 2005 agricultural imports exceeded agricultural exports and China reported its first two consecutive years of a deficit in agricultural trade since the 1990s. From 1992 to 2005, China’s comparative advantage revealed by the net export ratio (NER) in agriculture changed gradually. As shown in Figure 1, China’s revealed comparative advantage in the whole agricultural sector declined, especially after 2002, and since 2004 China’s agricultural sector as a whole has lost comparative advantage in international trade. Also since the 1990s, and especially since the early 2000s, China’s comparative advantage revealed by NER in labour-intensive agricultural products has been declining dramatically . Undoubtedly, the changes in revealed comparative advantage in agricul-ture have mainly been the result of China’s fast economic growth, dramatic structural changes and continued increase in per capita income. However, other factors could also affect China’s revealed comparative advantage in agriculture. The revealed comparative advantage indices are not only created by underlying economic forces but are