高科技的时候了 为了国产高技术能力的中国的计划外文翻译.docVIP

外文翻译 原文 High time for high tech? Chinas program for an indigenous high technology capability Material Source: Journal of Northeast Asian Studies [J]. 1993.7 Author: Segal, Adam M Chinese policymakers have increasingly turned their attention to developing high technology. The state has, through a number of central directives, attempted to promote the production and commercialization of high tech products. Yet, the level of Chinese high technology products remains fairly low. This article argues that the state, especially in trying to recreate Silicon Valley in China, has learned the wrong lessons from the Wests experience. In order to promote the development of high tech, the state needs to build up a more adequate science and technology infrastructure and to define and protect property rights. During the 1980s and early 1990s, developing high technology became a topic of interest to policymakers and scientists in both industrialized and Third World countries. High technologies, those technologies that involve large development costs, long lead times, considerable technological uncertainty, and dependence on knowledge that is close to the frontier of scientific research, hold out the hope of rapid economic development, increased employment, and military preparedness. These technologies also generate new production processes and new modes of economic organization that may have a wide impact on the structures of national economies. Chinese policymakers have been neither immune to the lure of high technology nor unaware of efforts to develop it in other parts of the world. Since the 1978 open door policy, China has adopted a multifaceted strategy of technology development relying on existing central planning instruments and the creation of a range of new institutions and policies focused on high technology. The National High Technology Program (known in China as Baliusan or the 863 plan), the Torch Plan, and high technology development zones have all targeted critical