酿酒酵母细胞中钙离子信号传导途径的研究进展.pdfVIP

中国细胞生物学学报 Chinese Journal of Cell Biology 2013, 35(10): 1504–1513 DOI: 10.11844/cjcb.2013.10.0084 综述 酿酒酵母细胞中钙离子信号传导途径的研究进展 赵运英 蒋伶活* (江南大学生物工程学院, 生物技术教育部重点实验室和粮食发酵工艺与技术国家工程实验室, 无锡 214122) 摘要 酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)细胞可以通过Ca2+/钙调磷酸酶信号途径来应对许 多外界环境胁迫。在交配信息素、盐或者其他环境压力存在的条件下, 钙离子会通过细胞质膜上 的未鉴定的钙转运蛋白X和M或者由Cch1和Mid1组成的钙通道进入细胞质。胞质内钙离子浓度的 增加会激活细胞质里的钙调磷酸酶(calcineurin), 钙调磷酸酶的一个非常重要的作用是去磷酸化细 胞质内的转录因子Crz1, 造成它快速地从细胞质转移到细胞核, 从而诱导包括液泡膜上钙泵蛋白基 PMC1 PMR1 因 以及内质网膜和高尔基体膜上钙泵蛋白基因 在内的目标基因的表达。这两个钙泵 蛋白和液泡膜上的Ca2+ + /H 交换蛋白Vcx1一起作用, 将细胞质内的钙离子浓度控制在50~200 nmol/L 的正常生理浓度内, 使细胞能够正常生长。该综述主要论述了酿酒酵母细胞内Ca2+/钙调磷酸酶信 号途径的最新研究进展。 关键词 钙调磷酸酶; 钙离子信号传导; Crz1; 酿酒酵母 Calcium/Calcineurin Signal Transduction Pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Zhao Yunying, Jiang Linghuo* (The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of the Ministry of Educatio and the National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China) Abstract In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Ca2+ signaling mediated by the Ca2+/calmodulin depen- dent phosphatase, calcineurin, is required for survival during environmental stress. In the response to mating phero- mone, salt and other environmental stresses, Ca2+ normally enters the cytosol of yeast cells through two unknown transporters X and M or the Ca2+ channel, which is composed of Cch1 and Mid1. One role of the phosphatase under these conditions is to dephosphorylate the transcription factor Crz1 in the cytosol. Dephosphorylated Crz1 rapidly translocates from the cytosol to the nucleus, where Crz1 activates the transcription of target genes including t