超级稻高产栽培生理研究进展.pdfVIP

中国水稻科学 (ChinJRiceSci)，2011，25(4)：343～348 http：／／www．ricesci．cn 343 超级稻高产栽培生理研究进展 付 景 杨建 昌 (扬州大学 江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室，江苏 扬州 225009； 通讯联系人，Email：jcyang@yzu．edu．cn) ResearchAdvancesinPhysiologyofSuperRiceunderHigh—YieldingCultivation FUJing，YANGJian-chang (KeyLaboratoryofCropGeneticsandPhysiologyofJiangsuProvince，YangzhouUniversity，Yangzhou225009，China； C0rrP 0” g author，Email：jcyang@yzu．edu．cn) FU Jing，YANG Jianchang．Researchadvancesinphysiologyofsuperriceunderhigh—yieldingcultivation．ChinJRiceSci， 2Ol1，25(4)：343—348． Abstract：Chinalaunchedaprogram forbreedingofsuperriceorsuperhybridricebycombiningintersubspecificheterosiswith idealplanttypein1996．Today，about80superricevarietieshavebeenreleasedandsomeofthem haveachievedgrainyields of12——21tonsperhectareinfieldexperiments．Comparedwithconventionalcultivars，mainreasonsforhighyieldofsuperrice canbesummarizedasfollows：morespikeletsperpanicleandlargersink size (numberofspikeletspersquaremeter)；larger leafareaindex，longerdurationofgreen leafarea，higherphotosyntheticrateand higherlodging resistanceofculms；more matteraccumulationbeforetheheadingstage，moreremobilizationofprestoredcarbohydratesfrom stemsandleavestograins duringthegrainfillingperiod；andlargerrootsystem andgreaterrootactivity．However，superricealsohastwomajorprob— lemsin production：poorgrain fillingofthelater—flowering inferiorspikelets (in contrastto earlier_f1owering superiorspike lets)．andlow andunstableseed—settingrate．Theresearch advancesincultivationphysiologyofsuperriceinrespectsofbio— logicalfeatures，formationofyieldcomponents，populationqualityandphysiologicalmechanismswerereviewed，andsugges tiononfurtherstudiesonsuperricecultivationphysiologywereputforward． Keywords：superrice；grainyield；grainfilling；cultivationphysiology；researchadvance 付 景，杨建 昌．超级稻高产栽培生理研究进展．中国水稻科学，2O11，25(4)：343—34