【化学工程与工艺专业】【毕业设计+开题报告+文献综述】聚醚型水泥减水剂的合成和性能研究.doc

（20 届） 毕业设计 聚醚型水泥减水剂的合成和性能研究 摘要：近年来，随着建筑行业的发展，减水剂作为水泥的主要外加剂应用也越来越广，其主要作用是减少混凝土的用水量，增加强度，同时提高混凝土的耐久性，在改善混凝土性能，提高建筑水平起到了重要作用。 减水剂主要经历了3个阶段，从最开始的木质磺酸系减水剂，到萘系减水剂，现在已经发展到了第三代聚羧酸类减水剂，这类新型减水剂较前两类有了很好的提高，而且实现了减水剂的分子设计，为减水剂的发展奠定了重要的理论基础，它主要分为聚醚型和聚酯型两大类，这次主要研究的是聚醚型减水剂。 聚醚型高性能减水剂除具有高性能减水(最高减水率可达35% )、改善混凝土孔结构和密实程度等作用外，还能控制混凝土的塌落度损失，更好地控制混凝土的引气、缓凝、泌水等问题。它与不同种类的水泥都有相对较好的相容性，即使在低掺量时, 也能使混凝土具有高流动性，并且在低水灰比时具有低粘度及塌落度经时变化小的性能。 关键词：聚醚；混凝土；减水剂；聚醚型。 Abstract：In recent years, with the development of the construction industry, superplasticizer as the main application of cement admixture is becoming more and more wide, its main effect is to reduce water consumption, increase strength of concrete, and enhance the durability of concrete, concrete performance in improving, improve the building level played an important role. superplasticizer main experienced three stages, from the beginning of the woodiness sulfonic acid naphthalene water-reducing agent, to fasten superplasticizer, now it has developed into a third generation of clustering water-reducing agent carboxylic acid, this new class of superplasticizer relatively before two kinds raise is very good, and fulfilling the molecular design, reducing agent for superplasticizer development provides important theoretical foundation, it mainly divided into polyether type and polyester type two kinds big, the main research is polyether type superplasticizer. Polycarboxylate superplasticizer addition to high-performance water-reducing (the highest water rates up to 35%), improving the density of concrete pore structure and degree of effects, but also control of concrete slump loss, better control of air-entraining concrete, retarding, bleeding and other problems. It is with different types of cement have relatively good compatibility, even at low dosage, they can make concrete with high fluidity, and low water-cement ratio, have low viscosity and the slump by the time change a small performance Keywords：Polycarboxylate；concrete；superplas