陇东地区部分冬小麦品种系HMWGS的遗传变异研究分析论文.docVIP

陇东地区部分冬小麦品种（系）HMW-GS的 遗传变异分析 【摘要】 本实验通过SDS技术，对陇东地区部分冬小麦品种(系)的高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成及亚基组成频率进行了分析。结果表明陇东地区冬小麦品种(系)存在16种亚基组合类型，以N,7+8,2+12亚基含量丰富，其出现频率占品种(系)总数的36.50%，而含5+10亚基的亚基组合类型只有3种，仅占品种(系)数量的9.62%。Glu-1位点遗传多样性单一，Glu-A1位点仅有2种等位变异形式，N亚基频率最高(71.15%)；Glu-B1位点有4种等位基因变异形式，7+8亚基频率最高(59.62%)；Glu-D1位点上有6种等位基因变异形式，2+12亚基频率最高(61.54%)。通过对地方品种、育成品种(系)和引进品种HMW-GS组成比较发现，地方品种亚基的组成类型呈现出组成单一，优质亚基少的特点；而外引品种和育成品种亚基类型较为丰富，且包含一定数量的优质亚基。 关键词：冬小麦；Glu-1；高分子量谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)；亚基类型；亚基组合 Genetic variations of HMW-GS of Some Winter Wheat Varieties in Longdong Abstract: High molecular weight glutenin subunit composition and frequencies of some varieties in Longdong were analyzed by SDS-PA GE techniques. The results show that there were 16 HMW-GS subunits combinations in tested materials. The subunits of N, 7+8, 2+12 are major type account for 36.50% of whole varieties. But there were only 3 subunits combinations of 5+10 subunit, account for 9.62% of who- le varieties. Studies on HMW-GS subunit composition characteristics and frequency showed that there was lower genetic diversity in Glu-1 locus, Glu-D1 locus encoded 6 allelic variations, and the frequency of N subunit was highest (71.15%). Glu -B1 locus encoded four allelic v- ariations, the frequency of 7+8 was highest (59.62%).Glu-A1 locus encoded 2 allelic variations, and the frequency of 2+12 was highest(61. 4%).Subunits combinations of the landrace variety present the characteristics of simple composition and it抯 lack high quality subunits.But the modern variety and introduced variety have comparatively abundant subunits combinations that contain certain high quality suunits. Key words: Winter wheat; Glu-1; High molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS); Subunit types; Subunit combinations; 小麦（Triticum aestivum）是陇东地区主要的粮食作物之一，长期以来干旱少雨、低温寡照、病虫危害是限制该地区冬小麦生产的主要限制因子，因此陇东地区冬小麦选育长期只重视产量的提高、抗旱、稳产等农艺性状，但往往忽视籽粒品质的改良、缺乏对该地区冬小麦种质资源与储藏蛋白有关的优良基因的充分利用，致使生产上推广应用的品种加工品质大多较差。 小麦种子贮藏蛋白主要分为麦谷蛋白和醇溶蛋白；在还原状态下，根据小麦麦谷蛋白亚基在SDS的迁移率的不同，可分为高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)和低