【测控技术与仪器专业毕业设计+文献综述+开题报告】基于ARM的精密机床故障诊断系统.doc

（20_ _届） 本科毕业设计 基于ARM的精密机床故障诊断系统 摘 要 精密机床作为精密零件加工设备，体现了一个国家制造业的发展水平。其加工产品的优劣又直接影响到其他机械的加工精度，最终会影响到整个加工制造业。本文建立了基于ARM的精密机床故障信号的采集系统，对运行中的机床进行故障信号的采集。然后对采集的故障信号进行分析，通过与正常数据和故障数据的对比的得出了机床存在不对中故障的判断，通过现场观察，是由于三爪卡盘脱落引起的。 本文先分析了基于ARM系统相对于PC系统的优势，设计了基于ARM的精密机床故障诊断系统的硬件平台，通过振动理论的分析，建立了失衡故障的数学模型，推导了失衡故障的频率特征，并例举了常见故障的频率特征，采用傅里叶变换和小波变换对故障信号进行分析，通过故障信号与正常数信号的对比，论证了两种方法的有效性，通过现场检验，找到了故障的原因，并排除了故障。 关键词 故障诊断；ARM；精密机床；FFT；小波变换  ARM-based fault diagnosis system for precision machine tools Abstract Precision machine tools is machining equipment for precision parts, reflecting the level of a countrys manufacturing industry. The quality of its product is very important. It influents the other machinery’s precision directly. Finally, it will influence the precision of the whole manufacturing industry. In this article, a fault signal system based on ARM is designed and used collecting the fault signal of machine under working condition .Then the fault signal collected is analyzed by comparing with normal signal data, the machine failure of center not symmetrical is diagnosed. Through the observation by field, finding out the cause of the fault is the due to three claws chuck. The article analysis the advantage of ARM based system compared to PC based system, designed the hardware platforms of ARM system. Though the analysis of the vibration theory, the mathematical model of unbalanced fault. is established, the frequency feature of imbalance is found. The common faults frequency is affirmed. Fourier transformation and wavelet transformation are used to analysis. Through the comparison of the fault signal and normal signal number, demonstrates the effectiveness of the two methods. Though the field inspection, the cause of fault is found, and solved the problem. Keywords: fault Diagnosis, ARM, precision machine tools, FFT, Wavelet Transform  目 录 摘 要 III Abstract IV 1 绪论 1 1.1课题研究的意义 1 1.2机床故障诊断国内外研究现状 2 1.3论文的内容安排 4 2故障机理研究 5 2.1简谐振动 5 2.2单自由度自由振动 7 2.3单自由度强迫振动 10 2.3.1 稳态阶段 10 2.3