杨万里晚年乡居生活诗歌研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 杨万里晚年在家乡吉水退休闲居长达 15 年，创作诗歌 800 多首，都收入其 《退休集》中。这部分诗歌展示了诗人晚年退休生活的方方面面，既带有“诚斋 体”的共性，又有其独特的风貌特征。文章分三个方面来进行论述。 第一部分主要介绍《退休集》诗歌的内容。首先，诗人晚年虽闲居在家，但 仍然没有忘却关心民生疾苦，忠君爱国之心至死不渝；其次，诗人对大自然的热 爱一如既往，《退休集》中对自然景色的吟咏依然占了其中的大部分；再次，诗 人的诗歌还涉及到晚年的日常生活，包括日常起居、美好的情趣、朋友往来以及 病中感怀等等，为我们展示了一幅宋代士大夫退休生活的画卷。 第二部分分析了《退休集》诗歌的艺术特征。诗人晚年的诗歌，选材更加细 致入微，真实地再现了现实生活的画面，同时也表达了诗人丰富的生活感受；诗 歌的语言平淡自然，诗歌在整体上体现出一种平和恬淡的意境。另外，《退休集》 虽然是杨万里“诚斋体”形成以后的诗歌，具有着“诚斋体”的共性，但是也有 着自己的一些特色，文章对这部分特色做了浅析。 最后一部分对晚年诗歌风貌形成的原因和意义做了探究。杨万里晚年诗歌风 貌的形成和当时的政治社会背景是有一定关系的，同时也受到当时“平淡”的时 代风气的影响；而杨万里作为理学家，深湛的理学造诣对他性格的形成有着重要 的影响。这些都是其晚年诗歌风貌形成的因素。在意义上，无论是从社会、个人 还是文学的角度看，杨万里晚年乡居诗歌都具有其独特的价值。 关键词：杨万里 乡居生活 诗歌 平淡自然 退休 I Abstract Yang Wanli lived in his hometown Jishui for 15 years after he had retired. In these 15 years, he wrote more than 800 poems in all, which have been collected in the Poetry of Retirement. This article was divided into three parts to elaborate on these poems : The first part is about the content of the Poetry of Retirement. Although the poet lived in his hometown during his later years, he never forgot and still cared about the livelihood of the people who were in hardship. And the poet also loved the nature as deeply as before. Furthermore, the poet’s daily life since his retirement was also included in these poems. The Poetry of Retirement has demonstrated the literary intelligentsia’s retirement life of the Song Dynasty. The second part analyses the poems’ characteristic style. The materials that the poet selected are more miniature. These poems have been filled with mild and humoristic tone, and the style of language is gentle and natural. The last part analyses the reason why these poems were formed and studies their meaning. The formation