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ABSTRACT
Thefirstpartreviewstheresearchadvanceofmutagensisanditsrelativearea
duringtheseyears.Mutagenscanbeclassifiedintophysicalmutagensand
chemicalmutagenes.Allofthemutagensincreasethespontaneousmutationrate
bydamagingcellularDNA.Manyways,includingAmestest,SOSchromotest,
transgeneticanimal,directDNAdamagetestandsoon,canbeusedforassessing
theefficiencyofamutagen.Eachofthemsuitsforcertainpurposeofresearch.
Theroleofamutagenistoincreasethefrequencyofmutation.Whetheracell
producesmutationisrelatedtoaseriesofitsmacromolecules,whichincludes
mismatchrepairsystemandSOSrepairsystem.Somemutantgeneinmismatch
repairsystemiscalledmutator,whichmeansitcanincreasethecellmutationrate.
ThecellularSOSresponseisthemainreasonfortheinducedmutationcausedbya
mutagen.
Thesecondpartintroducesourresearchonthegenotoxicityoflow-
temperatureplasma.Thegenotoxicityofamutagenincludeslethalityand
mutagenesis.WithhaploidyeastofSaccharomycescerevisiaePSY142,we
systematicallyresearchonthelethality,damageandmutagenesisoflow-
temperatureairplasma.Theexperimentalresultsinclude:① Thelethalityof
low-temperatureairplasmashowspartlytime-accumulativeeffect.Undercertain
treatmentdose,thelethalityincreaseswiththeincrementoftreatmentdose;②
Thesurvivalcurveunderdischargepowerof150Wshowsawaveshape.The
strangecharacteristicsofthesurvivalcurvemayberelatedtothecellularSOS
response;③Thelow-temperatureairplasmainducestheyeastcellproducinga
bigholeonitssurface.Andthestrangephenotypecanbeinherited;④Thelow-
temperatureairplasmacanproducehighlyefficientmutagenesis.Withthe
mutagenicindicatorofcdcmutant,weanalyzethedose-effectrelationshipof
mutagenesis.Ourresultsshow thetreatmentdoseof150WX8min-150WX
16mingivesthehighestmutagenicrate;⑤ Duringtheexperiment,we
isolatedseparately22strainsofcdcmutants.Oneofthemutantstrains,MPY142,
ischaracterizedonitsmorphology,growthspeedandamountofcellularDNA.
OurresultsindicatethemutantisarrestedatsomephasefromStoG1.
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