我国农村扶贫制度安排与可持续发展研究.pdfVIP

摘要 贫困问题是全世界都十分关注的问题，也是难以解决的问题，对贫困问题的研究 国内外专家学者提出了很多理论和建议。我国从20 世纪80 年代开始扶贫，经过了救 济式扶贫到开发式扶贫的历程，取得了很大成绩，但是新时期贫困问题仍然是政府和 社会关注的焦点，也是我国建设社会主义新农村所需要着力解决的问题。 鉴于对贫困问题的研究大都是从宏观的政策建议和具体地域的具体问题进行的分 析，缺少一个有机的扶贫体系。本文回顾了我国扶贫的历程和取得的成就，评述了我 国扶贫的各种模式，并总结了扶贫的经验和不足。在对过去的扶贫经验和对未来贫困 的特点总结的基础上，笔者提出了一个可持续扶贫体系，依靠政府和市场两种手段来 达到脱贫的目的。本文在政府与扶贫一节中，分析了我国农村贫困的制度性原因和政 府扶贫的制度安排，并运用委托代理理论分析了扶贫低效的原因，提出扶贫资金有效 利用的措施。在市场化扶贫中，首先从分工理论上分析贫困的本质在于分工不足，劳 动效率低，收入水平不高，促进分工的关键是降低交易费用。从农业产业化和劳动力 转移角度，结合河北省情况，提出增加农民收入、缓解贫困和可持续发展的政策建议。 关键词：贫困；扶贫模式；制度安排；农业产业化；劳动力转移 I Abstract The problem of poverty is very concerned in the world , and is also a difficult issue to resolve, many theories and recommendations about poverty have been made by experts and scholars at home and abroad. China from the 1980s began to fight the poverty and has made great achievements, through the change from relievable mode to developmental mode.But now the poverty is still the focus of the government and the society, and is also an emphases to build a new social country. In view of the problem of poverty, most of the policies are put from the macrostructure or specific geography , but lack an organic anti-poverty system.This paper reviews the history of the various modes of poverty alleviation and the great achievements China has made,and sums up the experience and defect of the antipoverty. Based on the past antipoverty experience and future poverty characterist,the author proposes a sustainable antipoverty system, which depends on the government and the market two methods to alleviate poverty.This article in the government parts analyzes the institutional reason of our countryside poverty and the institutional arrangements of gov