植物防御素结构与功能及其抗真菌机制研究进展_朱立成.docVIP

?综述与专论?  生物技术通报 BIOTECHNOLOGY BULLETIN  2014年第3期  植物防御素结构与功能及其抗真菌机制研究进展  朱立成  罗辉  任悍 （1. 井冈山大学生命科学学院，井冈山 ；2. 井冈山大学医学院，吉安 343009）  摘  要： 植物防御素是一类分子量约为 5 kD 的阳离子肽，是植物内免疫系统的主要成分之一，参与了多种植物生理生化活动。 植物防御素含 8 个保守半胱氨酸，形成 4 对链内二硫键来稳定其 3 条反向平行的 β 折叠片和 1 个 α 螺旋，构成所谓的 Csαβ 模体结构。 植物防御素具有抑制真菌和细菌生长、抑制酶的活性、抑制癌细胞增殖和作为离子通道阻断剂等功能。植物防御素抗真菌机制比 较复杂，但它可能首先必须和真菌细胞质膜外侧的鞘脂等复杂脂类结合，引起真菌细胞发生一系列的反应，包括细胞膜通透性增 强、胞内活性氧水平增高和诱导真菌细胞凋亡等。但是植物防御素详细的抗真菌机制及其在真菌细胞内作用靶点等有待于深入研究。 综述了近年来植物防御素结构、功能及其抗真菌机制等方面的最新研究进展。 关键词 ： 植物防御素 结构与功能 抗真菌机制  Progress in Structure，Function and Antifungal Mechanism of Plant Defensins （1. School of Life Sciences，Jinggangshan University ；2. Medical School，Jinggangshan University，Ji’an 343009） Abstract: Plant defensins, a kind of cationic peptides with molecular weight ~5 kD, are the key components of plant innate immune system and play an important role in numerous plant physiological and biochemical activities. The three dimensional structure of plant defensins is so-called the Cys stabilized αβ motif（CSαβ）which three anti-parallel β-sheets and one α-helix that is stabilized by four disulfide bridges formed by eight conserved Cys residues. Plant defensins can inhibit a broad range of fungi and bacteria growth. The investigations that plant defensins were used as enzyme inhibitors, cancer cell proliferation inhibitors and ion channel blockers were done in a number of relevant literatures. The antifungal mechanism of plant defensins is more complex, but it should be first binding the complex lipids those from the outside of fungal plasma membrane, and cause a series of physiological and biochemical reaction including permeabilization of the fungal plasma membrane, increased intracellular ROS level, and fungal cell apoptosis etc. But it is not clear that plant defensin enter the fungal cell or not and its intracellular targets. The progress of the structure, function and antifungal mechanism of plant defensins in recent years were summarized. Key words: Plant defensi