瓜类尖孢镰刀菌的营养体亲和群研究（.doc

瓜类尖孢镰刀菌的营养体亲和群研究( 肖荣凤1, 2，刘波1*，张绍升2，朱育菁1，陈璐1 （1福建省农业科学院生物技术研究所，福州 350003；2福建农林大学植物保护学院，福州350002） 摘 要：应用营养亲和性方法研究了不同寄主（黄瓜、甜瓜和西瓜）尖孢镰刀菌抗氯酸盐突变体和nit突变体的诱发规律及分布特性，划分菌株营养体亲和群（VCG）并结合已知专化型菌株鉴定其余菌株的专化型。研究表明，每个接种点形成的抗氯酸盐突变体数目在不同寄主菌株间差异不显著，但在寄主不同部位菌株间存在差异。菌株产生的nit1突变体比例显著高于nitM突变体比例；nit1突变体比例会因菌株的寄主及菌株寄主部位的不同而有差异，但在致病菌株与非致病菌株间无显著差异；而nitM突变体比例受菌株寄主影响较小，在寄主不同部位分离的菌株及致病菌株与非致病菌株间具有显著差异。供试菌株分为7个VCGs，其特点为来源于不同寄主的尖孢镰刀菌菌株互不亲和，同一寄主的致病菌株与非致病菌株均不亲和，同一寄主不同部位分离的菌株可亲和。菌株专化型的鉴定结果表明：3株黄瓜致病菌株均为尖孢镰刀菌黄瓜专化型（Fusarium oxysporum Schl. f. sp. Cucumerinum），甜瓜致病菌株F-T.1.7-030514-03与F-T.1.7-030514-31为尖孢镰刀菌甜瓜专化型（F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis）， 6株西瓜致病菌株均为尖孢镰刀菌西瓜专化型（F. oxysporum f. sp. Niveum）。 关键词：尖孢镰刀菌；营养亲和群；专化型；黄瓜；甜瓜；西瓜 Vegetative Compatibility Groups of Fusarium oxysporum Strains from Cucumber, Melon, Watermelon XIAO Rong-feng1,2, LIU Bo1*, ZHANG Shao-sheng2 , ZHU Yu-jing1, CHEN Lu1 (1 Biotechnology Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural, Fuzhou 350003, China; 2Departmental of Plant Protection, Fujian Agricultural and Forest University, Fuzhou 350002, China) Abstract: Twenty strains of Fusarium oxysporum were isolated from cucumber wilt, melon wilt and watermelon wilt. These isolates were grouped into vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) using nitrate nonutilizing (nit) mutants . The result indicated that number of chlorate resistant mutants in each inoculation had no significant differences among strains of the different hosts but significant differences in that of different plant positions.The Percentages of nit1 mutants were significantly higher than that of nitM mutants. The significant different percentages of nit1 mutants were observed in the strains from different hosts and different positions of plant, whereas few significant differences were observed between pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains. The significant different percentages of nitM mutants were observed in strains from different positions of plant and different pathogenicity , whereas few significant differences were observe