Bone of upper limb课件.pptVIP

Section 3 Bones of upper limbs Composition: Should girdle : clavicle，scapula Bones of free upper limb Humerus: in arm Radius and ulna: in forearm Carpal, metacarpals and phalanges: in hand Clavicle “S” shaped, medial 2/3 convex forward and lateral 1/3 convex backward Sternal end medially Acromial end laterally Scapula Three angles Superior: opposite to the 2nd rib Inferior: opposite to the 7th rib or 7th intercostals space Lateral: glenoid cavity, Humerus Proximal end: head, anatomical neck, greater and lesser tubercles, intertubercular groove, surgical neck Shaft: deltoid tuberosity on lateral surface, and a radial groove for radial nerve on posterior surface Distal end: lateral and medial epicondyles, capitulum, trochlea, coranoid fossa (anteriorly) and olecranon fossa (posteriorly), and sulcus for ulnar nerve Radius Proximal end: head with articular circumference neck, radial tuberosity Shaft (Body): interosseous border Distal end: ulnar notch medially, radial styloid process laterally, and carpal articular surface inferiorly Ulnar Proximal end: olecranon coronoid process trochlear notch radial notch tubersity of ulnar Shaft (Body): interosseous border Distal end: styloid process head Phalanges Consist of 14 ―two for first digit (thumb) and three for each of other four digits Structure of each ―base (proximally), shaft, and trochlea of phalanx (distally) * Three borders Superior border : coracoid process , scapular notch Lateral (axillary) border Medial (vertebral) border Two surfaces Anterior surface: concave, subscapular fossa Posterior surface: supra- and infraspinous fossae, spine, acromion The humerus Greater tubercle Lesser tubercle Intertubercular sulcus shaft Lateral epicondyle Capitulum trochlea Medial epicondyle Coronoid fossa Head Anatomical neck Surgical neck radial groove Olecranon fossa Sulcus for ulnar nerve The bones of forear