Section 4 Bones of lower limbs课件.pptVIP

Section 4 Bones of lower limbs Composition: Pelvic girdle: Hip bone Bones of free lower limb: Femur in thigh ( patella) Tibia and fibula in leg Tarsal bones, metatarsals, phalanges of toes in foot Hip bone Consisting of three fused bones, ilium, ischium, pubis Acetabulum ―formed by bodies of ischium, ilium and pubis lunate surface acetabular fossa acetabular notch Ramus of ischium:ischial tuberosity Femur Proximal end: head, fovea, neck, greater trochanter, lesser trochanter, intertrochanteric line, intertrochanteric crest Fracture of the femoral neck Tibia Proximal end: medial and lateral condyles, intercondylar eminence, fibular articular surface, tuberosity of tibia Fibula Proximal end: head, neck Tarsal bones Consist of seven short bones arranged in three row Proximal group ―talus, calcaneus Intermediate tarsal bone ―navicular Distal group ―medial, intermediate, and lateral cuneiforms, cuboid Metatarsals Consist of five elongated bones, numbered one to five medial to lateral Structure of each ―base (proximally), shaft, and head (distally) in each Phalanges Consist of 14―two for first toe (hallux) and three for each of other four toes * iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine, posterior superior iliac spine, tubercle of the crest, iliopubic eminence, gluteal surface, iliac fossa, arcuate line, greater sciatic notch, auricular surface, iliac tuberosity Ilium Body of ilium to form superior 2/5 of acetabulum “Wing” of ilium: Superior pubic ramus: pecten pubis(pectineal line) Inferior pubic ramus: obturator groove Pubis Body of pubis ―to form anterior and inferior 1/5 of acetabulum, iliopubic eminence,pubic symphysis, symphysial surface,pubic crest, pubic tubercle Ischium Body of ischium to form posterior and inferior 2/5 of acetabulum, ischial spine , lesser sciatic notch Medial view Auricular surface Arcuate line Pecten pubis Pubic tubercle Ischial tuberosity Obturator groove Iliac fossa Sy