The Respiratory System课件.pptVIP

Composition Respiratory tract Nose Pharynx upper respiratory tract Larynx Trachea lower respiratory tract Bronchi Lungs-paired organs of respiration Function: supply the body with oxygen and to get rid of excess carbon dioxide resulting from cell metabolism Section 1 The Nose Nasal cavity –divided into two halves by nasal septum Boundaries Roof－cribriform plate of ethmoid Floor－hard palate Medial wall－nasal septum Lateral wall Nasal conchae: superior, middle and inferior Nasal meatus: superor, middle and inferior Sphenoethmoidal recess Remove the middle nasal conchae Mucous membrane of nose Olfactory region located upper nasal cavity, above superior，nasal conchae，contains olfactory cells Respiratory region : its function is to warm, moisten, and clean the inspired air The paranasal sinuses and their site of drainage into the nose Section 2 The Larynx a hollow musculoligamentous structure with a cartilaginous framework Position－situated in the anterior part of the neck (below the hyoid bone), and extends from vertebral level of C4 to C6 ⅠLayngeal cartilages: three large unpaired and a paired smaller Thyroid cartilage Shield-shaped cartilage Laryngeal prominence at base of thyroid notch Superior thyroid notch, superior and inferior horn Cricoid cartilage Complete ring of cartilage (shaped like a signet ring) Arch of cricoid cartilage－at level of C6 Lamina of cricoid cartilage Arytenoid Paired, pyramid shaped, articulate with lamina of cricoid cartilage Vocal process anteriorly, site of posterior attachment of vocal fold Muscular process Epiglottic cartilage leaf-shaped elastic cartilage situated behind the root of the tongue Ⅲ Laryngeal joints Cricothyroid joint Crico-arytenoid joint ⅣMuscles of larynx Increasing tension on the vocal ligament－cricothyroid m. Decreasing tension on the vocal ligament－thyroarytenoid m. Opening the glottis－posterior cricoarytenoid m. Closing the glottis－ cricoarytenoid