植物无融合生殖相关基因与研究进展.pdfVIP

HEREDITAS (Beijing) 2008 2 , 30(2): 155―163 ISSN 0253-9772 综述 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2008.00155 胡龙兴, 王兆龙 , 200240 摘要：无融合生殖是指不经过精卵融合即可形成胚从而进行种子繁殖后代的一种特殊的无性生殖方式, 无融合 生殖胚的形成没有父本的参与, 其后代是母本基因型的完整克隆, 因此是植物杂种优势固定与利用的一种最理 想的途径, 具有巨大的潜在利用价值, 被誉为“无性革命”。按其胚体发生的途径, 无融合生殖可分为二倍体孢 子生殖、无配子生殖和不定胚生殖三种类型。本文介绍了植物胚发育、胚乳发育、减数分裂等涉及无融合生殖 过程的相关基因的研究进展, 同时介绍了可能与植物无融合生殖途径调控相关的几个基因片段的研究情况。 ：无融合生殖; 基因; 减数分裂 Progress on the research of apomixis related genes in plant HU Long-Xing, WANG Zhao-Long Institute of Turfgrass Foragegrass Science , Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanhai 200240, China Abstract: Apomixis is a special asexual reproduction that plants can form embryo and produce progenies via seeds without sperm-egg fusion. Since apomitic embryo is a complete genetic clone of maternal parent without the participation of sperm, it is an ideal pathway to fix and utilize hybrid vigor and has unpredictable potential value in crop breeding, thus be called “the asexual revolution”. According to the formation of the apomitic embryos, apomixis could be divided into three major types: diplospory, apospory and adventive embryony. This review is focused on the recent research progresses of related genes in the development of embryo, endosperm, and miosis, and several genes may involved in the regulation of apomitic development. Keywords: apmomixis; gene; miosis Smith 1841 , , 29 35 400 , , [1] , , [3,4] , 3 ,