城市生活垃圾与城市综合发展关系统计研究.pdfVIP

城市生活垃圾与城市综合发展关系的统计研究 ——基于全国31个省市的面板数据 宿州学院 代杨平、陆叶、孙全师 摘要 城市生活垃圾是城市化进程的产物，同时也越来越制约着城市的发展。它已 经成为评价一个城市好坏的重要方面。本文先通过面板数据（Panel Data ）建立31 个省市综合的面板数据回归模型来表明全国31个省市关于城市生活垃圾产生的 原因。然后通过面板数据聚类分析将省市分类，通过因子分析的因子综合得分评 价各类的优劣。最后用构建的具有实际意义的指标把安徽省与优秀省市做比较分 析。 关键词：城市生活垃圾；面板数据模型；面板数据聚类分析；比较分析 Abstract As a urbanization’s outcome, domestic garbage is restricting the development of city.And it has become an important aspect of the evaluation of a city quality.In this paper,we made a model to explore the factor about the domestic garbage-producing by the Panel Data of 31 provinces and cities.Then the 31 provinces and cities divided 3 categories through Cluster analysis and we evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of these clusters.At last,we compare Anhui Province with the advanced city using the actual meaning of the index. Key words: Domestic garbage;The Panel Data Model; Cluster analysis; Comparative analysis; 目录 1 研究背景„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„1 2 建模思想„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„1 3 数据分析„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„2 3.1 指标的选取与数据的收集„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„2 3.1.1 指标的选取„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„2 3.1.2 数据的收集„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3 3.2 数据与处理„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3 3.2.1 异常值及缺失值处理„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3 3.2.2 异常值的辨别 „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3 3.2.3 异常值检验与替换——格拉布斯（Grubbs）准则 „„„„„„„„„„„„„5 3.3 相关分析„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„6 4 模型的构建„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„7 4.1 模型变量的筛选„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„7 4.2 面板数据的单位根检验„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„8 4.3 Panel Data模型形式设定检验„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„8 4.4 模型的建立„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„9 5 面板数据聚类分析及优劣评判„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„12 5.1 相似度的度量——加权的欧氏距离„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„12 5.1.1 截面上各省市间的距离计算——固定年份„„„„„„„„„„„„„„12 5.1.2 包含时间的综合距离的计算„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„13 5.2 聚