无致病力青枯雷尔氏菌对烟草根系土壤微生物脂肪酸生态学特性与影响.docVIP

无致病力青枯雷尔氏菌对烟草根系土壤微生物的影响 郑雪芳，刘波(，蓝江林，朱育菁，车建美，苏明星 （福建省农业科学院农业生物资源研究所，福州 350003） 摘 要：为了探讨无致病力青枯雷尔氏菌对烟草根系土壤微生物群落结构的影响，本研究测定了接种无致病力青枯雷尔氏菌RS-1403和清水对照的烟草根系土壤的磷脂脂肪酸（Phospholipid Fatty Acid, PLFAs），比较分析两种处理下的烟草根系土壤微生物PLFAs组成、含量、微生物群落结构及多样性的差异，以期从微生物群落水平解析RS-1403菌株胁迫对烟草青枯病的免疫抗病机制。结果表明，与对照相比，RS-1403菌株胁迫下烟草根系土壤微生物PLFAs的组成及含量发生了变化，分为5种变化类型，分别为下降型、无变化型、增加50%以下类型、增加50～100%类型，增加100%以上类型，其中指示放线菌的10Me16:0含量降低，为下降型，增100%以上类型的PLFAs均指示革兰氏阴性菌。进一步分析表明，接种RS-1403菌株能改变烟草根系土壤微生物群落结构，促进细菌和真菌的生长，抑制放线菌的生长。接种RS-1403菌株能提高烟草根系土壤的群落优势度Simpson指数、群落丰富度Shannon指数和均匀Pielou指数，增加土壤的微生物群落多样性。对RS-1403菌株胁迫下烟草根系土壤微生物亚群落分化的比较分析，显示RS-1403菌株处理组与对照组亚群落分化不同，当兰氏距离为2.56时，可将处理组和对照组均分为4个亚群落，但它们的各亚群落组成及特征不同。聚类分析表明，基本上可将取样期内的RS-1403菌株胁迫和清水对照的烟草根系土壤分别聚在两个不同的类群中，说明RS-1403菌株能明显改变烟草根系土壤微生物群落结构。 关键词：无致病力青枯雷尔氏菌；根系；土壤微生物；磷脂脂肪酸 Effect of avirulent strain Ralstonia solanacearum on soil microorganisms in the rhizosphere of tobacco ZHENG Xue-fang, LIU Bo*, LAN Jiang-lin, ZHU Yu-jing, CHE Jian-mei, SU Ming-xing Agricultural Bio-Resources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fujian Fuzhou 350003 Abstract: This paper dealt with the effects of avirulent Ralstonia solanacearum on microbial community structures in rhizosphere soil tobacco. The tobacco plants were treated with avirulent R. solanacearum strain RS-1403, and water was used as control. The rhizosphere soil was sampled at different days after treatment and the phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) of soil sample were detected. The pattern, content and structure of microbial PLFAs in tobacco rhizosphere soil were evaluated and the difference between treatment and water control were compared, in order to analyze the immune disease-resistant mechanism of RS-1403 against tobacco wilt disease at microbial community level. The results showed that the microbial PLFAs pattern and content in tomato root soil changed under the stress of avirulent R. solanacearum RS-1403. The alternation of microbial PLFAs could be divided five types, e.g. declining type, unchangi