2011江苏省怀仁中学高二英语学案：M6U3Grammar.docVIP

虚拟语气（The Subjunctive Mood）虚拟语气用于表示主观愿望和假设的虚拟情况。所讲的内容往往是与事实相反的；或是其实现的可能性微乎其微，甚至于没有实现的可能性。当然，有时为了使说话的语气客气、缓和、委婉，也使用虚拟语气②在宾语从句中的用法； 在状语从句中的用法； ④及主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句中的用法； ⑤在一些特殊句型中的用法等。 一、用于非真实条件句中的虚拟语气If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 与过去事实相反 had done would have done 与现在事实相反 did/were would do 与将来事实相反 did/were should do were to do would do 注意点： 1. 省略If当条件状语从句的谓语含有werehad, should时，句首省略if。If he should act like that again, he would be fired immediately. =Should he act like that again, he would be fired immediately. 2. If you were the manager here, what would you do? =___Were you the manger here_______________, what would you do? ______If it should rain ____/_________Should it rain____ tomorrow(如果明天下雪, we would put off our celebration. __If you had attended______/___Had you attended______________ the lecture(如果你听了讲座you could have known the special customs. 2. 错综时间条件句 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句, 动词的形式要分别根据它所表示的不同时间作相应的调整 1）If he had followed the doctors advice，he would recover already．如果他遵照医生的劝告，现在病就好了。（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） 2）If I ___were______ (be) you，I __wouldn’t have missed___ (not miss) the film last night． 3) If the boy __________hadn’t saved_ (not save) this afternoon, his family _wouldn’t be_ (not be) in peace now. 4) If you worked (work) hard now, you _would get___ (get) a good job in the future. 5) If he hadn’t been caught (not catch) in the rain yesterday, he ______wouldn’t be__ (not be) ill now. 二． 虚拟语气用于某些从句中的情况：1）在主语从句中在It + be +形容词/ 名词 + that从句的结构中，由于某些形容词/ 名词的原因，that从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟式should + 动词原形或是动词原形。这类形容词/ 名词常见的有： important（重要的）, necessary必要的）, strange（奇怪的）, natural（自然的）, essential（绝对必要的）, urgent（紧急的）, advisable明智的regretful（遗憾的）,duty（义务、责任）, a pity（遗憾）, no wonder（难怪）, a regret（遗憾）：It is strange that he so . It is a great pity that you____think_____________ (think) so. It is natural that a bird ___rest_________ (rest) in trees. It is necessary that he ___be sent___________ (send) to Beijing right away. 另外，下列结构中主语从句的谓语动词也要求用虚拟语气： It is ordered that …