等距曲线也称为平行或位差曲线,它是基曲线沿法向距离为d点轨迹,.pdf

摘 要 摘 要 等距曲线也称为平行或位差曲线, 它是基曲线沿法向距离为 d 的点的轨迹, 为近十年来计算机辅助几何设计(CAGD) 的一个热门研究课题. 本文第一章首先回顾了等距曲线的发展历史, 然后概述了关于等距曲线内 在几何结构的 PH 曲线和OR 曲线. 第二章在描述了等距曲线逼近时可能遇到的问题后, 对已有的等距曲线逼 近算法作了综述, 并详细介绍了几种经典的逼近算法. 第三章引入了奇异混合样条曲线. 该曲线由三次 B 样条曲线和奇异多边形 混合得到. 由于其表达式较复杂, 难以应用, 作者通过重新参数化, 基转换和矩 阵变换, 把它转化为均匀 B 样条曲线的形式. 第四章提出了基于奇异混合样条的等距逼近算法, 这是本文的一个重点. 作 者利用用户定义的公差和法矢曲线的 2 次导矢的界得到基曲线离散层数的先验 性公式后, 先对基曲线采样从而得到精确等距曲线的采样点, 然后利用三次奇异 混合样条曲线进行插值, 最后将其转化为三次均匀 B 样条曲线的形式. 通过计算 离散层数和调节混合因子, 该算法可以对误差进行严格控制. 同时, 该算法可以 推广到曲面情况. 关键词: 等距曲线 逼近算法 奇异混合 离散公式 误差控制 I Abstract ABSTRACT Offset curves, also called parallel or potential difference curves, are defined as locus of the points which are at constant distance d along the normal from the base curves. It has been a hot topic on computer aided geometric design in recent ten years. In chapter one, we firstly review the phylogeny of the offset curves, then summarize PH curves and OR curves concerning the inherited geometric structure of offset curves. In chapter two, after discussing the possible problems encountered in the offset approximation, an overview of algorithms on the offset approximation is presented, and several representative algorithms are introduced in detail. In chapter three, a singular blending spline curve is introduced. The curve can be obtained by blending a cubic B-spline curve with a singular polygon. Because of complicated expression and difficult application, the author