电子技术课程设计19746.docVIP

目录 摘要···········································································2 1计算器总体方案论证·······················································3 1.1计算器的设计任务和要求················································3 1.2实现加减计算器的基本方法·············································3 2硬件电路设计·······························································4 2.1系统结构图································································4 2.2芯片分析··································································4 2.3外部接线图································································5 3结果模拟与分析····························································7 3.1加法电路的实现··························································7 3.2 减法电路的实现·························································7 总结···········································································9 参考文献·····································································10 摘要 加减法计算器，就是能够通过开关控制进行加法运算和减法运算，并利用数码管显示计算结果。通过对计数器功能的认真研究和上网查了诸多方面的资料。本简易加减法计数器主要由3个主要版块组成：编码输入电路、加减运算电路和显示电路。输入电路： 通过开关的闭合和开通来代表电平的高地位继而代表0和1来输入所要计算的十进制数字。加减运算电路：加减运算电路主要由74LS283（双全加器）的级联电路组成。通过非门将原码全部转换为反码，再把74LS283输入进位置为1，然后采用个位和个位相加，十位和十位的相加的原则，将两个的个位的代码送入到一个加法器中，将进位依次传递。但是加法器只可以做加法运算，不满足我们的设计要求，于是我们将减法也变成加法进行运算，运算都用补码，最后再将结果在转换为原码，通过数码管灯显示出来。显示电路：显示电路时通过7段显示译码器来实现的。 本课题通过PROTEUS仿真达到了课题的各项要求，证明了本课题真实、可靠。 关键词：74LS238；74LS47；数码管；计算器 1计算器总体方案论证 1.1计算器的设计任务和要求 任务：完成一个简易加减计算器的设计。 要求: （1） 用于两位以下十进制数的加减运算。 （2）以合适方式显示输入数据及计算结果。 1.2实现加减计算器的基本方法 该方案由三个模块组成：编码输入电路、加减运算电路和显示电路。 通过开关J1——J8接不同的高低电平来控制输入端所置的两个一位十进制数，译码显示器U10和U13分别显示所置入的两个数。数A直接置入四位超前进位加法器74LS283的A4——A1端，74LS283的B4——B1端接四个2输入异或门。四个2输入异或门的一输入端同时接到开关S1上，另一输入端分别接开关J5——J8，通过开关J5——J8控制数B的输入。当开关S1接低电平时，B与0异或的结果为B，通过加法器74LS283完成两个数A和B的相加。当开关J1接高电平时，B与1异或的结果为B非 ，置入 的数B在74LS283的输入端为B的反码，且74LS283的进位信号C0为1，其完成S=A+B（反码）+1，实际上其计算的结果为S=A-B完成减法运算。由于译码显示器只能显示0——9，所以当A+B9时不能显示，我们在此用另一片芯片74LS283完成二进制码与8421BCD码的转换，即S9（）2时加上（011）2，产生的进位信号送入译码器U15来显示结果的十位，U14显示结果的个位。由于减法运算时两个一位十进制数相减不会大于10，所以不会出现上述情况，用一片