面向环境可持续制造中材料选择关键技术研究.pdfVIP

面向环境的可持续制造中材料选择关键技术研究 摘 要 面向可持续发展设计理念是二十一世纪设计的主旋律，站在环境资源与人 类发展的高度，以环境和资源作为设计的核心目标，既与传统设计密不可分， 又与其设计理念有着质的不同。由于制造业将制造资源转变为产品的制造过程， 以及产品的使用过程和废弃处理过程中，一方面消耗大量人类有限的资源，另 一方面造成环境污染，是当前环境污染问题的主要根源。面对当前人类可持续 发展的需要，制造业必须尽可能减少资源消耗和尽可能解决所带来的环境问题。 有鉴于此，实施可持续制造势在必行。 面向现代设计过程中材料的选择是个很突出的问题，在各种复杂的环境中 怎样去选择一种材料，使其能够发挥最大的潜能，不但环保可回收，而且可以 节约资源。本文首先阐述材料对环境的影响，并大致分析当前材料科学的发展 现状和材料选择方法的现状。突出了设计中材料选择的重要性，提出了材料选 择的一般原则、方法、步骤，给出材料选择的系统框架，并在上述系统框架的 基础上，提出本文作者的材料选择的思想、原理、模型、方法，建立了支持上 述材料选择方法的材料数据库结构和内容。最后基于上述的思想，在.NET 框架 下开发材料选择系统，并根据实例进行了验证。 关键字：制造；材料选择；材料数据库 Research on the key technologies of material selection in the environment-oriented sustainable Manufacturing ABSTRACT The sustainable development design concept is the theme in the 21st century. And the new design concept is standing at a high degree of environmental resources and human development, with core objective of environment and resources. And it is inseparable with the conditional design concept, but has a qualitatively different from the conditional design concept. In the process of manufacturing、using and disposing disused production, a large number of human limited resources are consumed, and simultaneously emissions pollute the environment, all of these are the root causes of polluting problem. According to the demand of human sustainable development, manufacturing must do all they can do to lower resource consumption and settle the environmental problem. Now we can see that the sustainable manufacturing is imperative. The choose of material has became an outstanding problem in the new design concept. In a variety of complex environmental, how to choose material so that its latent energy can get an full play is the central idea. And in this paper, the influence of material to the environme