空中声波透射入水下规律的初步研究【毕业论文】.docVIP

本科毕业论文 （20 届） 空中声波透射入水下规律的初步研究 目录 I 摘要 II Abstract III 前言 1 1.射线声学基本原理 3 1.1射线声学的基本方程 3 1.2声学基本参量 5 1.2.1声强与声功率 5 1.2.2声压级、声强级与声功率级 6 1.2.3声压级与声强级的关系 6 2.声波从空中入水的初步研究 8 2.1平面波从空中入水初步研究 8 2.1.1平面波从空中垂直入射入水 8 2.1.2平面波从空中斜射入水 9 2.1.3声压透射系数和声功率透射系数的比较 10 2.2球面波的透射入水的情况 12 2.2.1球面波基础知识 12 2.2.2用射线法求解点声源球面波 13 3.仿真分析 15 3.1对空中点声源透射入水情况进行仿真 15 3.1.1仿真原理 15 3.1.2仿真结果分析 15 3.2实验模拟分析 16 3.2.1实验数据 16 3.2.2实验结果分析 19 总结 21 参考文献 22 致 谢 23 摘要 本论文由鱼类音响驯化实验设计中的声波传播问题引入，从理论上分析声波从空气到水中的入射问题1）对平面波从空中入水情况进行了初步研究：其中对垂直入射和斜入射分别进行了介绍，并对声压透射系数和声功率透射系数2）对球面波的透射情况做一定的分析。Abstract This paper is introduced by the problem that the sound wave transmission in the experimental design of Fish Acoustic Behavior, then I analyzed the air-to-water sound transmission theoretically and simply, and have a simulation and a simple computation for the sound filed when the sound wave spread into water. The paper firstly introduces the basic principles of the ray acoustics, and has a thorough analysis of the theoretical knowledge to lay the foundation for the Calculation of the acoustic field. Then the paper mainly has a preliminary study on the acoustic field in water for the air born source through two aspects:(1) Study simply the plane wave transmission from air into the water: an analysis in the vertical incidence and pitched incidence respectively, and a comparison of sound pressure and sound power in the transmission coefficient;(2) Analysis in the situation when the spherical wave transports into water. Considered the actual situation，this paper has conducted a simulation for the situation that the air-to-water sound transmission, and the Simulation model is based on spherical wave.It comes out that the acoustic field in water excited by airborne source has some directivity, the result is consistent with the actual situation. In addition, I have carried out a simple experiment on the basic of the simulation. Use a mobile phone to play music above a bucket, then use a hydrophone to measure the sound