利用石油焦制取活性炭的研究【毕业论文】.docVIP

本科毕业论文 （20 届） 利用石油焦制取活性炭的研究 专业：化学工程与工艺 [摘要]活性炭尤其是高比表面积的活性炭具有发达的微孔结构和大的吸附容量，因而在燃料气存储、催化反应、气体分离等放方面具有巨大的应用潜力。近年来，对具有高比表面积和特定孔隙结构活性炭的需求越来越多，为此，活性炭的工艺改进尤为重要。 本实验以石油焦为原料，以管式炉为实验设备，采用碱（K2CO3和KOH）活化法制备活性炭。通过苯吸附考察所制活性炭的吸附性能，通过静态氮吸附仪测试其比表面积及孔径分布。从而考察不同的活化剂，不同的粒径，不同的碱碳比，不同的活化温度对活性炭性能的影响,并对活性炭的制备工艺条件进行筛选和优化。 通过实验得出其最佳工艺条件为：以KOH为活化剂；碱碳比为4:1；活化温度800℃活化6小时。最终制得的活性炭的比表面积为2959.890㎡/g;平均孔径为1.818nm，属于微孔结构；苯吸附值为1054.7mg/g。 由此实验所得的活性炭具有较大的比表面积、发达的孔结构和较强的吸附能力，是一种优良的吸附剂，能广泛用于防治大气污染、水质污染和恶臭等公害以保护环境。 [关键词]：石油焦；活性炭；活化；吸附 The Research About Preparing activated carbon by Petroleum coke [Abstract] Activated carbon (AC) with high surface area is widely used in fuel gas storage, gas separation, catalysis and various chemical processes. Controlling pore size and pore size distribution are necessary for the application of AC in a specific and use. To this end, activated carbon process improvement is particularly important. In this experiment, He Bang petroleum coke was used as raw material, with the tube furnace for the instrument, preparing activated carbon by Alkali activation (K2CO3and KOH).Investigation by the activated carbon adsorption of benzene adsorption capacity of nitrogen adsorption by the static analyzer to test their specific surface area and pore size distribution. To examine the different properties with activation of different agents, different alkali carbon ratio, activation temperature on activated carbon. Prepartion of activated carbon and process conditions were selected and optimized. The optimal technological conditions: KOH as activating agent; alkali ratio was 4:1; activation temperature 800℃ activation of 6 hours. Eventually obtained the specific surface area of activated carbon was 2959.890 ㎡/g; average pore size of 1.818nm, are porous structure; benzene adsorption is 1054.7mg / g. Activated carbon obtained from this experiment have a larger surface area, pore structure and developed a strong adsorption capacity, It’s an excellent adsorbent that can be