乳磨牙早失后缺牙间隙与牙弓变化的临床研究.pdfVIP

乳磨牙早失后缺牙间隙及牙弓变化的临床研究 摘 要 目的：对乳磨牙早失后的缺牙间隙及牙弓的改变进行纵向观察，为临 床使用间隙管理提供更可靠、更完整的理论依据。 材料和方法：临床选取口腔内单侧乳磨牙早失患儿61 例，随机分为 治疗组（30 例）和对照组（31 例）。治疗组接受间隙保持法的治疗，对 照组仅要求定期复诊，两组分别于拔牙前、拔牙后1 周、1 个月、2 个月、 4 个月、6 个月及8 个月各取一副记存模，共计七副模型。利用游标卡尺 记录不同时间段缺牙间隙、自身对侧同名牙间隙、牙弓长度、牙弓宽度及 牙弓周长等各项临床数据，以此比较间隙保持器的应用与否对缺牙间隙及 牙弓的改变所产生的影响，以及乳磨牙早失后牙弓的变化及与缺牙间隙之 间的关系。 结果：经过八个月的纵向观察发现：1.治疗组的缺牙间隙均有间隙增 加的现象。2.对照组的缺牙间隙均有明显的间隙减少的现象，在拔牙后四 个月间隙丧失最明显。3.各时间点的横向比较中发现，治疗组的缺牙间隙 与自身对侧同名牙间隙的改变值均不存在显著性的差异（P 0.05 ）；对照 组的缺牙间隙与自身对侧同名牙间隙、治疗组的缺牙间隙的改变值均存在 明显的显著性差异（P 0.01 ）。4. 牙弓长度、牙弓宽度、牙弓周长在各时 间点所测得的改变量均不存在统计学差异。 结论： 乳磨牙早失后为防止间隙丧失应进行间隙管理，使继承恒牙 正常萌出。 关键词：缺牙间隙，牙弓变化，乳磨牙早失 LOSS OF SPACE AND CHANGES IN THE DENTAL ARCH AFTER PREMATURE LOSS OF THE PRIMARY MOLAR: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES ： The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the space changes, dental arch width, arch length and arch perimeter, after the unilateral extraction of primary molar in the mixed dentition period. MATERIAL AND METHODS ：A longitudinal study was conducted among sixty-one children in the age group of 6-9 years after the unilateral extraction of primary molar and randomly devided into two groups. 30 children who reported to be treated with space maintaining appliance were taken as the design. The other 31 children were taken as the control without advocating any space maintaining treatment. Study models were made from alginate impression taken before extraction and after extraction at the periodical intervals of one week, one month, two months, four months, six months and eight months. Five measurements concerning dental arch development were performed on the extraction space, the opposite non-extraction side,