半导体制冷应用实例调研.docxVIP

半导体制冷技术应用实例调研《航天器热控技术》sx1201155 王合旭摘要：制冷即为使某一空间或物体的温度降到低于周围环境温度并维持在规定低温状态的一门科学技术；它随着人们对低温条件的要求和社会生产力的提高而不断发展。半导体制冷技术就是人们对制冷技术的一次有益探索：半导体制冷器件的工作原理是基于帕尔帖原理，与传统的制冷技术相比有独特的优势。半导体制冷技术的发展大致经历了温差电流现象和温度反常现象、热电发电和热电制冷进入工程实践、半导体的热电制冷的性能进一步开发热电制冷的应用领域三个阶段。半导体制冷推动了制冷技术的发展，解决了许多特殊场合的制冷难题，具有独特的优点。在信息、国防、工业、农业、商业、医疗和日常生活等领域都获得广泛应用。关键词：半导体制冷、温差效应、技术特点、实例应用。Abstract: Refrigeration is a space or object temperature below the temperature of the surrounding environment and maintained at a low temperature state provisions of science and technology; it with people on low temperature conditions and the improvement of social productivity and the development of. A beneficial exploration of the semiconductor refrigeration technology is one of the refrigeration technology: principle of semiconductor refrigeration device is based on the principle of the Parr post, there are unique advantages compared with traditional refrigeration technology. Development of semiconductor refrigeration technology has experienced thermoelectric current and temperature anomalies, thermoelectric refrigeration and power generation in engineering practice, the semiconductor thermoelectric refrigeration performance further development of the three stage of application of thermoelectric refrigeration. Semiconductor refrigeration promoted the development of refrigeration technology, solve the cooling problem in many special occasions, has unique advantages. Are widely used in industry, agriculture, national defense, information, business, medical and daily life .Keywords: Semiconductor refrigeration; temperature effect; technical characteristics; applications.目录一、概述51.引言52.半导体温控的的研究及发展53.调研内容5二、半导体制冷技术原理5三、半导体制冷特点7四、半导体制冷的应用81、太阳能热电空调82、半导体热水器93、基于半导体制冷的消暑防护头盔104、其他应用12五、总结展望12概述引言半导体制冷亦称热电制冷，是利用特种半导体材料构成的P—N结，在这个电路中接通直流电流后，就能产生能量的转移，电流由N型元件流向P型元件的接头吸收热量，成为冷端；由P型元件流向N型元件的接头释放热量，成为热端。吸热和放热的大小是通过电流的大小以及半导体材料N、P的元件对数来决定的。半导体制冷器件不需要任何制冷剂，可连续工作，无污染，即能制冷又能制热；并且半导体制冷片是电流转换型器件，通过对输入电流的控制即可实现高精度的温度控制。如今的半导体制冷技术发展，在各行各业有着广泛的应用。半