试论恶意串通合同.pdf

摘 要 恶意串通合同为我国法律所独创的一类病态合同。学者们对其在理论上存有诸多方面 的争议，同时在实践中，对于恶意串通合同制度的适用也存在不少难题。针对这些争议和 难题，在明晰恶意串通合同的概念、性质、构成、效力等理论基础上，就实践中恶意串通 合同在认定上存在的提出确认主体、认定标准、诉讼时效等相关问题，进行了分析研究。 全文共分五个部分： 第一部分明晰了恶意串通合同的概念、性质。恶意串通合同是指双方当事人非法串 通在一起，以损害国家、集体或者第三者的利益为目的而订立的合同。恶意串通合同是一 种无效的民事行为，是一种广义上的合同。 第二部分厘清了恶意串通合同的构成要件。当事人出于恶意，该种恶意应当是一种 主观上的恶意。当事人之间存在串通行为、合同会损害国家、集体或者个人的利益。 第三部分对恶意串通合同效力作出了重新界定。在重新审视学者们对恶意串通合同 的分类标准的基础上，提出将恶意串通合同的效力划分为绝对无效和相对无效。即侵害国 家利益的恶意串通合同应当绝对无效，而侵害集体利益和个人利益的恶意串通合同应当相 对无效。 第四部分针对恶意串通合同在实践中存在的几个问题进行分析研究。提出确认恶意 串通合同无效的主体、诉讼时效的适用等应当根据其效力的不同而异；并且类推适用民事 诉讼中的推定制度，重新分配举证责任以解决恶意串通合同认定难的问题。 关键词：恶意串通合同；绝对无效；相对无效；推定 I Abstract Malicious collusive contract is a sort of original creative morbid contract in China. There exsits theoretical disputese over this kind of contract among scholars, besides, there exists many problems in the application of the malicious collusive contract. In view of those disputes and problems, this paper aims to anlyze the the related problems existed in the determination of the malicious collusive contract, such as the confirmation of the subject,the determination criteria, as well as the limitation of action, and with the perspicuity of the concept, nature, composition and validity of the malicious collusive contract as its theoretical basis. There are five parts altogether: In the first part, the author clarifies the concept and nature of the malicious collusive contract. Malicious collusive contract is the contract illegally concluded by both parties with the purpose of damaging the interests the country, the collectivity and the third party. Malicious collusive contract is a kind of invalid civil behavior, but in view that contract has both generalized and restricted hierarchical concepts, and as to comply with the conventional uses