英语语言学期末复习参考.docVIP

语言学期末复习参考 习题1 Questions on Lecture III Saussure looks at language from the ____________ point of view, Chomsky looks at language from the _____________ point of view and _______ looks at it from the functional point of view. _______ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a community. ___________ refers to the ideal user’s knowledge of the rules of his language. Competence is a form of “knowing”; ________________ is a set of possibilities for “doing”. Linguistics involves such branches as ___________, __________, ___________, ______, _________. Questions on Lecture III Langue is not suitable for study. Parole is always a naturally occurring event. Langue is subject to personal and situational limits. A persons competence is stable but his performance is often influenced by psychological and social factors. A speakers performance does not always match his competence. The object of study is the ideal speakers competence. Linguistic potential actually refers to a lot of possibilities to choose from. The linguistic potential vs actual linguistic behavior distinction is one between what a person “knows” and what he “does”. 习题2 Exercises for Lecture IV _______ and ______ are the two major media used by natural languages for communication. The limited range of sounds which are meaningful of interest to phoneticians are called ______________ of L. Phonetics is the study of phonic medium of language, i.e., the study of the __________, ____________ and ___________ of speech sounds.? Phonetics studies speech sounds from three different angles. Accordingly, it can be further classified into three sub-branches: __________ phonetics, ________ phonetics and ________ phonetics. The speech organs are also called the ____________, whose secondary use is to produce _____________. Exercises for Lecture IV The speech organs are contained in three important areas or cavities: the ________________, the ________