_路由技术_距离矢量路由协议.ppt

路由技术 一、距离矢量路由 1、距离矢量路由协议通过周期性地与周边直接相邻的节点交流以自身当前路由表内容构成的路由更新信息，以建立对周边网络拓扑状态的了解，构建完善自身的路由选择信息。 2、距离矢量中的路由更新信息 以自身当前路由表内容构成的路由更新信息 3、距离矢量路由协议实例 RIP、RIP V2 IGRP 4、路由更新造成的路由循环 5、阻止路由循环的途径 Count-to-infinity Split horizon Route poisoning Triggered updates Holddown timers 距离矢量路由协议工作原理 二、RIP路由协议 1、RIP路由协议 RIP v1 RIP v2 (some enhancements) 2、RIP配置步骤 3、IP classless的作用 4、主要的配置步骤以及可选的配置选项 Count-to-infinity Split horizon Poison reverse Holddown counters Triggered updates Routing Loop Split Horizon maximum count Route poisoning triggered updates holddown timers 二、RIP路由协议 5、查询RIP路由协议的配置及运行状态 6、路由协议运行故障判断 debug ip rip 发现路由重叠 7、控制路由更新信息的发送范围 8、利用路由信息实现的负载均衡 RIP 协议不识别除hop count之外的metric ，因此线路负载分配与线路带宽无关 per-destination per-packet 9、巧妙的静态、RIP路由组合，意想不到的自动路由选择 RIP 的多路由选择 Hop count metric selects the path Routes update every 30 seconds RIP 的多路由选择 IP classless RIP 的缺点 Limited to 15 hops Cannot handle VLSM Periodic broadcast of the full routing table Converges slower and routing inconsistencies No concept of delay and link costs Flat networks No Authentication 三、RIP v2 1、RIP v1 RIP v1 is considered an interior gateway protocol that is classful. RIP v1 is a distance vector protocol that broadcasts its entire routing table to each neighbor router at predetermined intervals. The default interval is 30 seconds. RIP uses hop count as a metric, with 15 as the maximum number of hops. 2、RIP v2的新特性 RIP v2 provides prefix routing, which allows it to send out subnet mask information with the route update. RIP v2 provides for authentication in its updates. RIP v2 multicasts routing updates using the Class D address 224.0.0.9. 三、RIP v2 3、RIP v2配置 router rip version 2 Network [network] RIP Configuration Starts the RIP routing process RIP Configuration Example Verifying the Routing Protocol—RIP debug ip rip Command 四、IGRP路由协议 1、IGRP主要特征 The versatility to automatically handle indefinite, complex topologies The flexibility needed to segment with different bandwidth and delay charac