上市公司盈利能力问题探析.docVIP

摘 要 盈利能力是指企业获取利润的能力，也称为企业的资金或资本增值能力，通常表现为一定时期内企业收益数额的多少及其水平的高低。盈利能力越强，股东获得的回报越高，企业投资价值越大。盈利能力是反映上市公司价值的一个重要方面，通过分析一个企业的盈利能力，可以反映出本企业的市场竞争力、发展潜力和投资者决定其投入资金的去向。所以不论是投资人、债权人还是企业经营管理人员、都日益重视企业盈利能力的分析。盈利能力指标主要包括营业利润率、成本费用利润率、盈余现金保障倍数、总资产报酬率、净资产收益率和资本收益率六项。实际应用中，由于上市公司自身的特点所决定，其盈利能力除了可以通过一般企业盈利能力的指标分析外，还应该进行一些特殊指标的分析，如每股收益、普通股权益报酬率、股利发放率、价格与收益比率、以及每股经营现金流量等指标的分析。 在现实生活中，人们往往只注重企业当前的收益和利润，而忽视了企业的持久经营能力和发展潜力。事实上，企业盈利能力不能以当前所获得的利益来衡量。企业的当前利益只能说明在这一经营期间内企业的盈利能力。所以，对企业盈利能力的分析要综合各种指标和因素，把握企业盈利能力的持久性和稳定性。本文通过综合指标分析的方法，对上市公司盈利能力进行全面综合的探析，可以发现企业经营管理中的重大问题，进而采取措施解决问题，提高企业的收益水平。 关键字：盈利能力，分析指标，企业利润，经营管理，发展潜力  ABSTRACT Profitability is to show enterprise profit ability, Also known as enterprise funds or capital appreciation ability. Usually appears as a certain period the business income amount of how many and its level of high and low. Profitability is stronger, Shareholders the rewards the higher the enterprise investment value. Profitability is a reflection of the listed company value is an important aspect, through the analysis of a enterprises profit ability. Can reflect the market competition ability of the enterprise. The development potential, and investors decide to the cost goes. So whether investors, creditors or enterprise operation and management personnel, pay more attention to the enterprise profitability analysis. Profitability index mainly includes business profitability, cost and expense profit margins, surplus cash security multiple, total assets of the rate of return on equity, return on capital and six. Actually, the listed company by the features of the decision itself, its profitability in addition to through the general enterprise profitability index analysis outside, still should make some special index analysis, such as earnings per share, common stock rights, dividend return rate FaFangLv , price/earnings ratios, and every management cash flow index analysis. In real life, people tend to focus on enterprises present revenues and profits, and ig