考研资料：北京大学细胞生物学第三章研究方法.pptVIP

Figure 3-23. Scanning electron microscopy. Scanning electron micrograph of the stereocilia projecting from a hair cell in the inner ear of a bullfrog (A). For comparison, the same structure is shown by differential-interference-contrast light microscopy (B) and by thin-section electron microscopy (C). ????????????????????????????????????????????????????Figure 3-32. Cells in culture. Scanning electron micrograph of rat fibroblasts growing on the plastic surface of a tissue-culture dish. Figure 3-24. Electron micrographs of individual myosin protein molecules that have been shadowed with platinum. Myosin is a major component of the contractile apparatus of muscle. As shown here, it is composed of two globular head regions linked to a common rodlike tail. III. Metal Shadowing Allows Surface Features to Be Examined Figure 3-25. Preparation of a metal-shadowed replica of the surface of a specimen. Note that the thickness of the metal reflects the surface contours of the original specimen. Figure 3-26. Freeze-fracture electron micrograph of the thylakoid membranes from the chloroplast of a plant cell. These membranes, which carry out photosynthesis, are stacked up in multiple layers. The largest particles seen in the membrane are the complete photosystem II-a complex of multiple proteins. IV. Freeze-Fracture and Freeze-Etch Electron Microscopy ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Figure 3-27. Freeze-etch electron microscopy. The specimen is rapidly frozen, and the block of ice is fractured with a knife (A). The ice level is then lowered by sublimation in a vacuum, exposing structures in the cell that were near the fracture plane (B). Following these steps, a replica of the still frozen surface is prepared, and this is examined in a transmission electron microscope. Freeze –Fracture Replication and Freeze Etching quick freeze deep etching Figure 3-28. Regular array of protein filaments in an insect