第一节转换词性与变换语态.pptVIP

Conversion Conversion ----- the change of parts of speech in translation. 1. Conversion into Verbs It is taken for granted that an English sentence contains no more than one predicate verb, while in Chinese it’s not unusual to have clusters of verbs in a simple sentence. Nouns Converted Into Verbs Derivatives from nouns: 1) With the passage of time, my admiration for him grew more and more. 随着时间的流逝，我对他越来越敬佩。 2) Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 火箭已用来探索宇宙。 3) Your information as to discounts for a large order would be appreciated. 如若告知大批订货的折扣，将不胜感激。 4) To my knowledge, some computers have gone missing. 据我所知，有几台计算机失踪了。 Prepositions Converted Into verbs “Coming!” Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the verandah, and into the porch. “来啦！”她转身蹦跳着跑了，越过草地，跑上小径，跨上台阶，穿过凉台，进了门廊。 Ghettesburg speech:… “and that government of the people, by the people, for the people” 民有、民治、民享的政府 Adjectives Converted Into Verbs These words include: confident, certain, careful, cautious, angry, sure, ignorant, afraid, doubtful, aware, concerned, glad, delighted, sorry, ashamed, thankful, anxious, grateful, able, …and so on. Adjectives converted into nouns Under given condition, the harmful can be transformed into the beneficial. 在一定条件下，坏事可以变成好事。 She always shows a deep sympathy for the poor. 她总是对穷人显示出深深的同情。 He is physically weak but mentally sound. 他身体虽弱,但精神健康 They have not done so well ideologically, however, as organizationally. 但是他们的思想工作没有组织工作做得好. He was uncharacteristically quiet at the discussion. 在讨论会上一言不发，这不符合他的个性。 转换语态 一般说来，英语比汉语更喜欢使用被动语态（科技文体尤多），因此，英译汉时，需作如下处理： 1、将英语的被动句译成汉语的主动句。 What measures have been or are being adopted by the local government to reduce air pollution? 当地政府已经采取了或正在采取哪些措施来降低空气的污染程度？ 课外练习 1. The famous hotel had been practically destroyed by the big fire. 2. The sense of inferiority that he acquired in his youth has never been totally eradicated. 3. Spare-tim