化学化工专业英语（ 第三版） 教学课件 作者 符德学 主编 第十三课.pptVIP

尚辅网 尚辅网 Lesson thirteen Coal Liquefaction 第十三课 煤液化 For China, with abundant domestic coal resources but limited oil and gas resources, the conversion of coal into liquid fuels offers(提供) an alternative to（代替……） importing petroleum or gas-based transportation fuels. Two routes to liquid fuels from coal（不定式做后置定语） include direct coal liquefaction (DCL) and indirect coal liquefaction (ICL). DCL,the production of a synthetic crude oil product by direct contact of coal with an appropriate catalyst in the presence of added hydrogen at elevated temperature（名词短语做同位语，解释DCL）. ICL is the production of fuels with an intermediate step of synthesis gas production by coal gasification. The principal constituents of ‘‘syngas’’ are carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which can be processed chemically into a variety of different fuels（which 引导非限制性定语从句）. 对中国来说，国内煤炭资源丰富，但是石油和天然气资源有限，用煤炭液化来代替进口石油或天然气不失为一种选择。煤炭液化有两种途径，直接液化和间接液化。煤的直接液化是通过煤与合适的催化剂直接接触在加热的条件下加氢合成粗油的一种生产方法。 间接液化是将煤炭气化产物作为中间物进行合成液体燃料的一种生产方法，这种合成气的主要成分是一氧化碳和氢气，通过化学方法能够合成各种各样不同的燃料。 Fuels that can be made by ICL include methanol (CH3OH), dimethyl ether (CH3OCH3), Fischer-Tropsch diesel or gasoline-like fuels, and hydrogen (H2)?. The availability of CO and H2 as molecular building-blocks at an ICL facility also provides opportunities for production of chemicals. Also, there is considerable interest in China (especially Shanxi Province) in the use of methanol as a vehicle fuel. ? that can be made by ICL是定语从句，修饰Fuels。 Dimethyl ether is a less familiar fuel option than methanol. It is used today exclusively（单独地，全部地） as a chemical feedstock and aerosol propellant (e.g., in hair-sprays). DME is a potential premium fuel for compression ignition (diesel) engines because of its high cetane rating and because（引导原因状语从句） it burns without sooting since（引导状语从句） it contains no carbon-carbon bonds, and NOx emissions are lower than when using conventional diesel fuel（作状语）. DME can be reformed into hydrogen at least as easily as methanol, and thu