电气工程与自动化专业英语 教学课件 作者 王伟 3.pptxVIP

3.1　IntroductionA circuit that employs a numerical signal in its operation is classified as a digital circuit. Computers, pocket calculators, digital instruments, and numerical control (NC) equipment are common applications of digital circuits. Practically unlimited quantities of digital information can be processed in short periods of time electronically. With operational speed of prime importance in electronics today, digital circuits are used more frequently.13.2　Digital Number Systems3.2.1　Binary Number System3.2.2　Binary-coded Decimal(BCD) Number System3.2.3　Octal Number System3.2.4　Hexadecimal Number System3.2.1　Binary Number SystemElectronic digital systems are ordinarily the binary type, which has 2 as its base. Only the numbers 0 or 1 are used in the binary system. Electronically, the value of 0 can be associated with a low-voltage value or no voltage. The number 1 can then be associated with a voltage value larger than 0. Binary systems that use these voltage values are said to have positive logic. Negative logic, by comparison, has a voltage assigned to 0 and no voltage value assigned to 1. Positive logic is used in this chapter.3.2.2　Binary-coded Decimal(BCD) Number SystemWhen large numbers are indicated by binary numbers, they are difficult to use. For this reason, the Binary-Coded Decimal (BCD) method of counting was devised. In this system four binary digits are used to represent each decimal digit. To illustrate this procedure, the number 105, is converted to a BCD number. In binary numbers, 10510=1,000,1012.3.2.3　Octal Number SystemThe octal (base 8) number system is used to process large numbers by digital circuits. The octal system of numbers uses the same basic principles as the decimal and binary systems.　The octal number system has a base of 8. The largest number used in a base 8 system is 7. The place values starting at the left of the octal point are the powers of eight: 80=1, 81=8, 82=64, 83=512, 84=4,096, and so on.3.2.4　Hexadecimal Numbe