stockton02--人类学的多重话语--民族志报道、理论批判与课堂教学.pdfVIP

AMERICAN BEHAVIORAL SCIENTISTStockton / MULTIPLE DISCOURSES OF ANTHROPOLOGY CONTESTING THE SOCIAL SCIENCE DISCIPLINES The Multiple Discourses of Anthropology Ethnographic Reportage, Theoretical Critiques, and Classroom Pedagogy SHARON STOCKTON Dickinson College Anthropological writing, perhaps more than any other academic discourse, had been caught in the cross-fire of postmodern discussions about the crisis of representation and the imperi- alism of knowledge. The legitimacy of the field demands that the writer be an objective tran- scriber of the nature of some other - that she not take to this observation and transcription the force of her own subjectivity. In recent years the problems of objectivity have been exacer- bated by criticisms from within and without the discipline of anthropology that call into question no only the history of the field but also the very premises that authorize it. This study explores the extent to which the discipline of anthropology has rewritten itself in the face of these criticisms. Anthropological writing, perhaps more than any other academic discourse, has been caught in the cross fire of postmodern discussions about the crisis of repre- sentation and the imperialism of knowledge. The legitimacy of the field demands that the writer be an objective transcriber of the nature of some other, that he or she not take to this observation and transcription the force of his or her own subjectivity. Such a stance has become problematic. The problems of objec- tivity have been exacerbated by criticisms from within and without the disci- pline of anthropology that question not only the history of the field but also the very premises that authorize it.1 With the publication of Bronislaw Malinowski’s disconcerting A Diary in the Strict Sense of the Term , for example, the stance of the anthropologist as objective w