超临界水中花生壳气化制氢催化剂的筛选和研究.pdfVIP

超临界水中花生壳气化制氢催化剂的筛选与研究 裴爱霞，张锐，金辉，郭烈锦﹡ (西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室, 710049, 西安) 摘要: 本文在釜式反应装置上，以原生生物质花生壳为原料，CMC 为添加剂，对不同种类催化剂在超临界 水中生物质催化气化制氢的影响进行了实验研究。温度水平选择为 400 ℃，压力控制在22～24MPa 范围内， 物料浓度为10％，催化剂包括 ZnCl 、K CO 、KOH 、Na CO 、NaOH 、LiOH 、Ca(OH) 、Raney-Ni 、橄榄 2 2 3 2 3 2 石和白云石。实验结果表明,各种催化剂的催化效果有很大的区别,骨架催化剂 Raney-Ni 的大比表面积和特 殊的电子层结构,使得生物质在超临界水中较低温度条件下便可以达到良好的气化效果。在本文所考察的几 种类型催化剂中，Raney-Ni 的产氢效率最高，达到 28.03g/kg，是一种极具潜力的超临界水生物质制氢催 化剂。 关键词: 生物质;超临界水;气化;制氢 Reaserch on Catalysts and their Catalytic Characteristics for Hydrogen Production by Gasification of Peanut Shell in Supercritical Water Pei Aixia, Zhang Rui, Jin Hui, Guo Liejin (State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering，Xi’an Jiaotong University ，710049 Xi’an，China) Abstract: Peanut shell, mixed with sodium carboxymethylcellulose, was gasified at temperature of 400 ℃ and at the pressure ranges from 22 to 24 MPa with the presence of different catalysts, including Raney-Ni, Ca(OH)2, Na CO , K CO , NaOH, KOH, LiOH, ZnCl , dolomite and olivine. The experimental results show that different 2 3 2 3 2 catalysts have greatly different effects on the reaction. All experiments were carried out on the autoclave reactor. Biomass will be gasified almost completely with the presence of Raney-Ni, and the hydrogen production reaches up to 28.03g/kg.. The high activity can be attributed to the skeleton frame of Raney-Ni and the electronic shell of Ni. Through this work, the optimal catalyst was obtained. Based on the experiment results, the related mechanism and kinetics were discussed. kewords: biomass; supercritical water; gasification; hydrogen production 能源危机和环境污染是当今世界两大主要问题。大力开发利用可再生能源已引起世界各 国的关注。利用生物质超临界水气化制氢，可将大量低品质的生物质能转化为清洁的、可储 存、可输运、高品质氢能，气化过程比较清洁，基本不产生氮氧化物和焦油，不产生二次污