《生物化学》考试样.docVIP

《生物化学》考试样题 一、名词解释(2.5分×10, 共25分) 还原糖 NADPH 核酶 酶的活性酮体乙醛酸循环RNA剪接联合脱氨基作用超二级结构凝胶过滤层析(gel filtration chromatography)亲和层析Proc Natl Acad Sci USA，谈谈其中所蕴含的生化知识、原理和技术手段, 以及您对此项研究的概括评价。 Title: Biosynthesis of a D-amino acid in peptide linkage by an enzyme from frog skin secretions. Abstract D-amino acids are present in some peptides from amphibian skin. These residues are derived from the corresponding L-amino acids present in the respective precursors. From skin secretions of Bombinae, we have isolated an enzyme that catalyzes the isomerization of an L-Ile in position 2 of a model peptide to D-allo-Ile. In the course of this reaction, which proceeds without the addition of a cofactor, radioactivity from tritiated（含氚的）water is incorporated into the second position of the product. The amino acid sequence of this isomerase（异构酶）could be deduced from cloned cDNA and genomic DNA. After expression of this cDNA in oocytes（卵母细胞）of Xenopus laevis, isomerase activity could be detected. Polypeptides related to the frog skin enzyme are present in several vertebrate species, including humans.