Chapter 9The Normal Distribution.ppt

Chapter 9:The Normal Distribution Properties of the Normal Distribution Shapes of Normal Distributions Standard (Z) Scores The Standard Normal Distribution Transforming Z Scores into Proportions Transforming Proportions into Z Scores Finding the Percentile Rank of a Raw Score Finding the Raw Score for a Percentile Normal Distributions Normal Distribution – A bell-shaped and symmetrical theoretical distribution, with the mean, the median, and the mode all coinciding at its peak and with frequencies gradually decreasing at both ends of the curve. Scores “Normally Distributed?” Is this distribution normal? There are two things to initially examine: (1) look at the shape illustrated by the bar chart, and (2) calculate the mean, median, and mode. Scores Normally Distributed! The Mean = 70.07 The Median = 70 The Mode = 70 Since all three are essentially equal, and this is reflected in the bar graph, we can assume that these data are normally distributed. Also, since the median is approximately equal to the mean, we know that the distribution is symmetrical. The Shape of a Normal Distribution: The Normal Curve The Shape of a Normal Distribution Different Shapes of the Normal Distribution Areas Under the Normal Curve by Measuring Standard Deviations Standard (Z) Scores A standard score (also called Z score) is the number of standard deviations that a given raw score is above or below the mean. The Standard Normal Table A table showing the area (as a proportion, which can be translated into a percentage) under the standard normal curve corresponding to any Z score or its fraction The Standard Normal Table A table showing the area (as a proportion, which can be translated into a percentage) under the standard normal curve corresponding to any Z score or its fraction Finding the Area Between the Mean and a Positive Z Score Using the data presented in Table 10.1, find the percentage of students whose scores range from the mean (70.07) to 85. (1) Convert 85 to a Z score: