铁路空调旅客列车内环境卫生学研究 _医学论文.docVIP

铁路空调旅客列车内环境卫生学研究 _医学论文 铁路空调旅客列车内环境卫生学研究 _医学论文 关键字： 小气候 环境卫生 　【摘要】 目的 对空调旅客列车内环境进行卫生学研究，为今后空调旅客列车的技术改造和卫生管理提供卫生学依据。 方法 根据国家有关卫生标准、规范对国产25G、25K型空调旅客列车车厢内微小气候、空气质量、物理因素进行检测，测得的数据采用SAS9.0软件进行统计分析。 结果 温度、相对湿度的合格率较低噪声和照度符合卫生标准25K型车的CO和细菌总数低于25G型车，而CO 2 高于25G型车，硬座车厢的CO和CO 2 高于其他车厢，CO和CO 2 随列车的运行有递增的趋势，细菌总数在同一车型的不同时点和不同车厢差异无显著性。 结论 应加强空调列车空调设备的管理和保养，使其能够达到良好运行状态，在冬季取暖时应开启空调设备的加湿功能要维持良好的空气质量，空调旅客列车的通风换气有待进一步改善。 【关键词】 小气候环境卫生 【Abstract】 Objective A hygiene study was conducted on the inner environment of railway air condi-tioning passenger train to provide hygiene basis for the further technological transformations and hygienic supervision of air conditioning passenger train.Methods On the basis of related national health stan-dard，an examination was carried on to the microclimate，air quality and physical factors in the compart-ments of domestically produced25G and25K air conditioning passenger train.The data obtained were statistically analysed by software SAS9.0.Results The qualified rates of temperature and relative hu-midity were lowerthe noisy and the degree of illumination conformed to the hygienic standardCO and the bacterium count of25K trains were lower than those of25G trains，while CO 2 was to the contrary，CO and CO 2 of hard seat compartments were higher than other compartments，and CO and CO 2 in-creased progressively along with the train movement.The bacterium count of the same type of trains was not remarkably different at different time.Conclusions The management and maintenance of air condi-tioning equipments in the air conditioning train should be strengthened，so that they could be enabled to achieve the good running status，the function of increase degree of humidity of the air conditioning equip-ments should be started when heating in winterand ventilates and air exchange of air conditioning pas-senger train waited for further improvement to maintain good air quality. 【Key words】 MicroclimateEnvironmental health 随着社会经济的迅速发展，为适应现代运输的需求，铁路运输部门投入了大量新型空调客