城市交通噪声的危害的防治对策.pdfVIP

构建生态人文交通 促进经济跨越发展:第十九届海峡两岸都市交通学术研讨会论文集 城市交通噪声的危害与防治对策 张廉青 摘 要：环境污染是指人类活动并排入环境的污染物或污染因素超过了环境容量和环境自净能力，使环境 的组成或状态发生了改变，环境质量恶化，从而影响和破坏了人类正常的生产和生活。由于城市化、机动 化的迅速增长，我国的城市交通已对城市环境造成严重的、多方面的污染，并处于加重趋势。据监测资料 表明，目前全国三分之二的城市居民生活在超标的交通噪声环境之中，且城市噪声一般都处于高声级。本 文仅就汽车噪声造成的环境污染的相关内容，包括噪声特征、城市交通噪声的来源、噪声的危害、缓解噪 声的有效措施等内容进行了分析与探讨。 关键词：汽车；噪声；环境；污染 Urban Traffic Noise Hazard and Prevention Countermeasures Zhang lian-qing Abstract: Environmental pollution means human activities and the pollutants discharged into the environment or environment pollution factors exceeding the environmental bearing capacity and self-purification capability, changing composition of the environment or condition and deteriorating environmental quality. In results, it affects and destroys normal production and life of humankind. Because of rapid growth of urbanization and motorization, Urban traffic in China has caused serious and various pollutions on city environment and shows a worsening tendency. According to the monitoring data, two-thirds of the city residents in the country are living under an environment with excessive amounts of high-level traffic noise. This paper briefly analyzes and discusses the related content of environmental pollution caused by automobile noise, including the contents of noise characteristics, urban traffic noise source, and hazard of noise and proposes effective measures for alleviating noise. Key words: Automobile; Noise; Pollution; Environment 随着城市化、机动化速度的增快，我国城市交通噪声呈逐年上升趋势，日益加重的噪声污染严重威胁 着人们正常的生活环境和心身环境。 1 噪声特征 环境噪声是一种感觉公害。噪声对环境的污染与工业“三废”一样，都是危害人类环境的公害。它具 有局限性和分散性：即环境噪声影响范围上的局限性和环境噪声源分布上的分散性，噪声源往往不是单一 的。噪声污染还具有暂时性，噪声对环境的影响不积累，也