王龍溪lt; 天泉證道紀gt; 所衍生的問題.pdfVIP

臺灣東亞文明研究學刊 第 8卷第2期(總第 16期) 2011年12月 頁 237-270 【研究論著】General Article 王龍溪〈天泉證道紀〉所衍生的問題 Problems Derived from Wang Longxis A Record of Verifying Dao at the Tianquan Bridge 黃敏浩 * Simon Man-Ho WONG 關鍵詞： 四無、四有、四句教、王龍溪、天泉證道紀 Keywords: The Four Negatives, The Four Positives, The Four Sentences Teaching, Wang Longxi, A Record of Verifying Dao at the Tianquan Bridge * 香港科技大學人文學部副教授。 Associate Professor, Division of Humanities, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. 238 臺灣東亞文明研究學刊 第 8卷第2期(總第 16期) 2011年12月 摘要 本文檢討〈天泉證道紀〉在考據及義理上所衍生的一些問題，認為 〈天泉證道紀〉的史料價值雖不必盡如《傳習錄》與《王陽明年譜》，但 仍不失為重要而珍貴的記錄。儘管有學者質疑，但畢竟記中之四無說確可 成一教法，而四有之未悟本體之說亦可無病。我們也發現，王龍溪與錢緒 山對四有的理解或可有異，而天泉證道中陽明、龍溪、緒山對四無、四有 及四句教的態度均有不同。龍溪站在四無的立場欲以四無四有修正四句 教，緒山在四有之境中承認四句教而不願強調四無四有，陽明則統一四無 四有，而始終強調四句教為徹上徹下者。最後，本文對四句教如何統攝四 無四有作一說明。 Abstract This essay examines some textual and philosophical problems derived from the text of A Record of Verifying Dao at the Tianquan Bridge of Wang Longxi (1498-1583). The author thinks that although the value of the text as a historical record is not so important as the different versions of the same record found in Instructions for Practical Living and Chronological Biography of Wang Yang- ming, it is still a very significant record. The author disagrees with some scholars and holds that the Four Negatives can be a teaching. He opines that the state of the Four Positives is not a state of full enlightenment is a view that can sustain theoretically. He also discovers that there may be difference between the understandings of Wang Longxi and Chien Dehong (1496-1574) on the Four Positives, and that Wang Yang-ming (1472-1529), Wang Longxi and Chien Dehong have different opinions on the Four Negatives,