面神经腮腺段应用解剖_20215.doc

面神经腮腺段的定位解剖 姜 吉 良， 吴 斌，刘 冬 强， 曹 妍 群 （邵阳医学高等专科学校解剖学教研室，湖南 邵阳 422000） 摘要：目的 为腮腺区外科手术提供面神经腮腺段的定位解剖学资料。方法 以颞骨的颧突根与下颌角后缘的连线为Y轴，以过乳突尖并垂直于Y轴的直线为X轴设定坐标系，以该坐标系为参照观测32具(64侧)成年尸体腮腺内面神经干的始、止点和面神经主要分支起点、出腮腺的位置和行走方向。结果 面神经上、下干的起点位置分别是：－17.32±1.22mm和－7.24±0.86mm、－17.32±1.22mm和－7.24±0.86mm，止点位置分别是：－10.26±1.02mm和17.24±1.22mm、－12.82±1.12mm和－12.22±0.88mm，行走方向与X轴成角分别是：36.20±5.20、－38.30±4.60；颞支、颧支、上颊支、下颊支、下颌缘支、颈支的起点位置分别是：－10.26±1.02mm和27.24±1.22 mm、－3.27±0.24mm 和24.36±4.27mm、－3.85±0.86mm和18.42±2.06mm、－3.26±1.04mm和14.24±3.26mm 、－11.72±2.35mm和－6.43±2.06mm 、－12.82±1.12mm和－12.22±0.88mm，出腮腺点位置分别是：0.42±0.08mm和38.56±6.68mm、8.2±2.44mm和36.04±4.28mm、18.26±3.64mm和26.82±3.86mm、25.48±4.76mm和9.66±1.58mm 、4.25±0.54mm和－13.63±5.23 mm 、－1.08±0.22mm和－16.26±3.64mm，行走方向与X轴成角分别是：68.10±2.040、34.80±4.70、9.40±1.560、－3.70±1.350、－55.60±2.850、－68.30±2.630。结论 根据颌面部外科手术需要，可通过体表标志线精确确定面神经干及其主要分支在腮腺内的位置和行走方向。 关键词：面神经干；面神经主要分支；定位解剖；X轴；Y轴 Addressable anatomy of the parotid segment of facial nerve JIANG Ji-liang,WU Bin, LIU Dong-qiang, CAO Yan-qun (Department of Human Anatomy,Shaoyang Medical College, Shaoyang Hunan 422000) Abstract:【Objective】To observe and measure the parotid segment of facial nerve in order to prove addressable anatomic data for operations in parotid region.【Methods】A frame of axes was established by means of setting the line linking root of zygoma on temporal bone to the trailing edge of angulus mandibulae as Y-axis, and setting the straight line passing across mastoidale and perpendicular to the Y-axis as X-axis. The position and travelling direction of the facial nerve trunks and their main branches in the parotid were observed and measured on 32 adults(64 sides) cadavervic heads refer to the frame of axes. 【Results】The starting point of the upper, lower trunks of facial nerve were －17.32±1.22mm and －7.24±0.86mm、－17.32±1.22mm and －7.24±0.86mm respectively.Their terminal point were －10.26±1.02mm and 17.24±1.22mm、－12.82±1.12mm and －12.22±0.88mm respectively. The included angle between the