毕业设计（论文）-长环形齿条式抽油机的设计.doc

长环形齿条式抽油机的设计 摘要：目前，常规游梁式抽油机因其结构简单、操作维修方便、使用寿命长等原因，仍为各大油田的主要采油设备，但由于其悬点载荷变化大，动载荷大，可靠性低等原因，难以满足深井、稠油井对抽油机冲程长、载荷大的要求，难以再向大型化发展。 本论文提出了一种长冲程、大载荷的齿条式抽油机的结构方案，分析了齿条式抽油机的工作原理，设计了抽油机的传动方案。这种新型抽油机采用“齿轮—长环形齿条”机构，由小齿轮的单向旋转驱动长环形齿条上下运动，并带动滑块做上下往复运动，从而实现基本的抽油动作。通过简单的机构和尺寸改变，能实现不同冲程和冲次，并设计成重型抽油机。这种抽油机具有节能效果好、可靠性高、运行平稳、维护方便等特点，具有较高的应用推广价值。 本文研究对促进油田节能降耗有实际意义，采用的设计方法、理论具有一定的理论价值与实际的应用前景。 关键词：抽油机；长环形齿条；平横滑块；效率；节能；可靠性 Design of pumping unit rack Abstract: Because of its simple structure, easy maintenance, long life and other reasons, the conventional beam pumping unit remains a major oil production facilities in major oil fields at present. But as its suspension point load changing largely, large dynamic load and low reliability, the requirements of long stroke length and large load is difficult to meet in the deep, thick well ,and pumping unit has difficulty to further large-scale development. In this paper, the structure scheme of a long stroke and large load rack pumping unit is discussed, the working principle of the rack pumping units is analysed, the transmission schem pumping unit is designed. A gear - long circular rack organization is used in this new unit.A long ring moves up and down drived by a small one-way rotating drive gear rack and bring the slider up and down forming the reciprocating movement ,and the basic pumping action achieved. Through a simple change in institution and size, different stroke is achieved, and the heavy pumping is designed scssessfully. The advantages of energy saving, high reliability, smooth running, easy maintenance are achived with this, and high value is achived in applications. This paper has practical significance to the promotion of energy saving in oil field, the design method and theory has a certain theoretical value and practical application. Keywords: pumping unit; long circular rack; flat horizontal slider; energy; reliability 目 录 1 绪 论 1 1.1 研究的意义 1 1.2 国内、外抽油机技术现状及发展方向 2 1.3 本文研究内容 4 1.4 所采用的设计方法，手段以及步骤 5 2 齿条抽油机的方案