描述岩石粘弹性固体性质的开尔文模型.pdfVIP

第 15卷 第 3期 地学前缘 (中国地质大学(JL京)；北京大学) EarthScienceFrontiers(ChinaUniversityofGeosciences，Beijing；PekingUniversity) V0L15No．3 2008年 5月 Mav2008 描述岩石粘弹性固体性质的开尔文模型 刘瑞殉 ，张秉良，张 臣 1．北京大学地球与空间科学学院，北京 100871 2．中国地震局 地质研究所 ，北京 100029 LiuRuixun ， ZhangBingliang， ZhangChen 1_SchoolofEarthandSpaceSciences，PekingUniversity，Beijing100871，China 2．InstituteofGeology，ChinaEarthquakeAdministration，Beijing100029，hC ina LiuRuixun，ZhangBingliang，ZhangChen．TheKelvinmodeldescribingrockmaterialswithbehaviourofaviscoelasticsolid． EarthScienceFrontiers，2008，15(3)：221-225 Abstract：Mostsolidmaterialsbehaveelastically，buttherealsolidsrarelybehaveexactlyaccordingtotheelas— ticHook’Slaw．Itisoftenfoundthatthesoliddeformationsaretimedependen~ Thisbehaviorisstudiedin rheology．Rocksarethecommonsolidmaterialsinnature．andtheirmechanicalbehaviorcanbedescribedex— actlybyHook’Slaw undergeneralcondition．Underalongperiodoftimecondition such asinageological processtherockspresenttheirrheologicalbehaviorgradually．Theslowerthegeologicalprocessis，themore obviousthetimedependentbehavioroftherockis．Foraccuratelydescribingrockmechanicalbehaviorinage— ologicalprocesstherheologyanalysishasbeenusedingeology．Theauthorshaveintroducedarheological model，theMaxwellmodel，describingthematerialswiththebehaviorofaNewtonianliquid，andnow wein— troduceanotherrheologicalmodel，theKelvinmodel，describingthematerialswiththebehaviorofaviscoelas— ticsolid．ThesameastheMaxwellmodel，theKelvinmodeliSalsoabasicrheologicalmode1．TheKelvinmod— elisbuiltupwithanelasticunitandadashpotunitinparallelarrangement．Theconstitutiveequationforthe modelanditsapplicationingeologyaregivenbrieflyhereinthispaper． Keywords：viscoelasticsolids；Kelvinmodelinrheology；Kelvinretardtime；structuresofdeformedrocks 摘 要 ：大多数固体材料都具有弹性，但真实的固体却极少严格遵从弹性