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Genetic Classification The Indo-European Language Family The Old English(450-1150) Two events: 1. Latin-speaking Roman missionaries headed by St. Augustine came to spread Christianity in Britain at the end of the 6th century. Words borrowed: abbot, candle, altar, amen, apostle 2. Invasion by Norwegian and Danish Vikings in the 9th century Words from Scandinavian: father, husband, house, life, man, mother ,summer At least 900 words borrowed Many are in common use today Characteristics 1. Small vocabulary (50,000—60,000 ): 2. Small number of borrowings (from Latin and Scandinavian); 3. Vocabulary full of endings. Middle English(1150-1500) 1066: Normans invaded England a continual flow of Norman French words into English Three languages existing side by side: Latin (in the church) French (in government, school, law court) English (by native people) 1250-1500 about 9,000 words of French origin poured into English 75% still in use today Eg: state, power, prince, duck, judge, court, peace, battle, pork Characteristics 1. A comparatively large vocabulary; 2. A tremendous number of foreign words from French and Latin; 3. Word endings leveled. Modern English(1500-up to now) Comparison Old English full of endings; Middle English leveled endings; Modern English lost endings. Eg: Old Middle Modern leorn-ian lern-en learn mon-a mone-e moon stan-as ston-es stones sun-ne sun-ne sun 3.The influence of other culture and languages（Mao jackets, aikodo, kungfu, dojo） * * * The Development of the English Vocabulary By：卢玲 常艳艳 Objectives(教学目标)： 1.Indo-European Language Family 2.a historical overview of the English vocabularies and their characteristics of the three periods important historical markers 4.three reasons for the growth of modern English vocabulary 5.three modes of Modern English vocabulary de
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