Chapter 13 16- Bit MS-DOS Programming.ppt

this text Chapter 13: 16-Bit MS-DOS Programming 13.1 MS-DOS and the IBM-PC History  Use of the segment registers  Redirecting output  Memory organization Software (and hardware) interrupts 13.2 MS-DOS Function calls (INT 21h) 13.3 Standard MS-DOS File I/O services 13.1 History The Intel 8088 and 8086 were some of the first microprocessors with 16 bit registers. The only significant difference:  8086 used a 16 bit memory bus  - faster memory access 8088 used a 8 bit memory bus  - cheaper memory system They could address 1 MByte of memory. Previous chips typically only could use 64KByte of memory 80386 has the first 80x86 with a 32 bit bus 13.1 Segment registers While the 8088 and 8086 16 bit registers, they used 20 bit addresses How? Segment registers Example CS (code segment) 0123 h Instruction offset 48ACh 13.1 Software InterruptsRedirection of I/O DOS permits UNIX style redirection of the standard I/O devices. MyProg COM1 PTRThis means get the input from COM1, send the output to PTR. We can use files as the standard input or output devices. MyProg Input.txt Output.txt 13.1 Software InterruptsStandard DOS Device Names The standard input and output device is CON, the console which consists of the keyboard and monitor. DOS can be instructed to redirect I/O from the standard input and output devices to other units. 13.1 Software InterruptsStandard DOS Device Names Device Name Description CON console keyboard and monitor LPT1 or PTR 1st parallel printer LPT2 2nd parallel printer AUX or COM1 1st serial port COM2, COM3, COM4  2nd – 4th serial port NUL Dummy device 13.1 Memory organization CS - Points to code segment SS - Points to stack segment DS - Points to data segmen