Chapter 13 Leadership.ppt

Chapter 13: Leadership PSYC 352 Overview Leadership vs. management Major topics in leadership Theoretical approaches to leadership Points of convergence among approaches Cross-cultural leadership issues Diversity issues in leadership Concluding comments Leadership vs. Management Mintzberg (1973) stated that leadership was merely a form or subset of management. Leadership vs. Management Other researchers (Bennis Nanus, 1985) suggest that there are differences between leaders and managers. “To manage means to bring about, to accomplish, to have charge of or responsibility for, to consider!” “Leading is influencing, guiding in direction, course, action, opinion.” Leaders are people who do the right thing. Major Topics in Leadership Positional power: higher position = more power The leader: characteristics of leaders The led: characteristics of followers The influence process: coercion, manipulation, authority, persuasion Types of leader behavior: instrumental, supportive The situation: characteristics of situation Leader emergence versus leader effectiveness: how do leaders emerge, why are they effective? Theoretical Approaches to Leadership The trait approach The behavioral approach The power and influence approach The situational approach Transformational leadership Charismatic leadership The implicit leadership theory Substitutes for leadership 1. The Trait Approach Focuses on: Personal attributes: high energy level, tolerance for stress, emotional maturity, integrity, self-confidence Motivation: need for power, achievement, affiliation Skills: technical, conceptual, interpersonal 2. The Behavioral Approach Emphasizes what leaders actually do on the job. 2 lines of research: Classification of leadership behaviors into categories Identification of behaviors related to leadership effectiveness 2. The Behavioral Approach How to Classify Behavior? Ohio State researchers (1950) Initiating structure (task-oriented) Consideration (people-oriented) Yukl, Wall, and